Test 2: 26 bone tumor

Question 1

— is the most common bone tumor in dogs

Answer 1

osteosarcoma

Question 2

osteosarcoma is generally found where

Answer 2

75% on limbs
25 % axial: maxillary, spine, cranium, pelvis

Question 3

what age dogs get osteosarcoma

Answer 3

bimodal
peak at 1-2 and 7-9 years old

Question 4

clinical signs of OSA

Answer 4

lameness
progressive
painful firm swelling

Question 5

what joints get OSA

Answer 5

away from the elbow, toward the knee

Nearly always metaphyseal

forelimb more common: distal radius and proximal humerus

Question 6

xray of OSA will show

Answer 6

cortical destruction

lysis- moth eaten or permeative

periosteal proliferation: codman’s triangle

medium to long zone of transition

rarely crosses joint

Question 7

true or false. OSA will cross joints

Answer 7

false

rarely crosses a joint

Question 8

differentials for metaphyseal bone lesions

Answer 8

OSA

osteomyelitis (fungal or bacteria infection)

Question 9

where can you find chondrosarcoma

Answer 9

usually axial
slow to metastasize
surgery can be curative

5-10 % of bone tumors

Question 10

can surgery cure OSA

Answer 10

no
high mets, poor prognosis

Question 11

can surgery cure chondrosarcoma

Answer 11

yes
usually axial tumor and slow to metastasize

Question 12

fibrosarcomas are common in the —

Answer 12

mouth/oral cavity

surgery can be curative

Question 13

Multilobular chondrosarcoma (MLO) are tumors of the —

Answer 13

calvarium

complete excision can be curative

Question 14

tumor on diaphyseal of bone is usually

Answer 14

metastatic lesion from carcinoma and hemangiosarcoma from somewhere else in the body

Question 15

bone marrow neoplasia is usually caused by

Answer 15

multiple myeloma, lymphoma

Question 16

how to diagnose OSA

Answer 16

fine needle aspirate

biopsy

Question 17

what to use for core biopsy of OSA

Answer 17

Jamshidi needle

92% for dx neoplasia
82% accurate- tumor type

Question 18

staging of OSA

Answer 18

met to lungs, lymph nodes and bone

Question 19

what lab test if elevated is indicative of OSA

Answer 19

elevated ALP

with tumor at proximal humerus

Question 20

prognosis of OSA

Answer 20

3-12 months depending on treatment

pain management, surgery, chemo

Question 21

surgery for OSA

Answer 21

amputation

forelimb: forequarter: whole arm and scapula

hind limb: coxofemoral disarticulation, hemipelvectomy, mid- femoral amputation

Question 22

how does limb sparing surgery for OSA work

Answer 22

works on distal radial OSA

resect tumor and replace with allograft, or endoprosthesis

Question 23

palliative radiation therapy for OSA is by

Answer 23

coarse fractionation

higher dose, fewer treatments

main goal- pain relief

used when amputation not an option

Question 24

stereotactic radiotherapy for OSA

Answer 24

single very large dose delivered to tumor

can result in high fracture rate

Question 25

chemo for OSA will prolong time to —

Answer 25

metastasis

usually tolerated well

doxorubicin, carboplatin, cisplatin

Question 26

osteosarcoma in cats is more common in

Answer 26

diaphyseal pelvic limbs

56-57% are on limbs

can live 2-4 years post amputation

Question 27

where is osteosarcoma in dog vs cat

Answer 27

dog: appendicular (75%), metaphyseal, forelimb, 3-12 months survival

cat: appendicular (55-65%) diaphyseal hind limbs, 2-4 years survival