Test 2 Flashcards
(27 cards)
Adaption
taking in, processing, organising and using new information in new ways which enable us to adjust to changes in our environment
assimilation
taking in new information and fitting it into and making it part of pre-existing mental ideas about objects or experiences
accomodation
chasing a pre-existing mental side in order to fit new information
schema
a mental idea of what something is or how to act on it
schemata
‘units’ of knowledge, each representing some aspect of the world
4 stages of cognitive development
sensorimotor, pre-operational, concrete operational, formal operational
age range for sensorimotor stage
0-2
age range for pre-operational stage
2-7
age range for concrete operational stage
7-12
age range for formal operational stage
12+
idea of 4 stages of cognitive development
we all move through a predictable sequence of 4 different stages in developing our thinking and other mental abilities
sensorimotor stage
senses and motor movement
object permanence
goal-directed behaviour
object permanence
sensorimotor
understanding that an object still exists even if it cannot be seen, touched or heard
goal-directed behaviour
sensorimotor
to perform and successfully complete a sequence of actions with a particular purpose in mind
pre-operational stage
mentally represent objects and experiences symbolic thinking egocentrism animism transformation centration reversibility
symbolic thinking
pre-operational
use symbols such as words and pictures to represent objects that are not physically present
egocentrism
pre-operational
the tendency to perceive the world solely from one’s point of view
animism
pre-operational
the belief that everything which exists has some kind of conciousness
transformation
pre-operational
understanding that something can change from one state to another
centration
pre-operational
focus on only one quality or feature of an object or event at a time
reversibility
pre-operational
the ability to mentally follow a sequence of events or line of reasoning back to its starting point
concrete operational stage
true logical thought and mental ‘operations’
conservation
classification
conservation
concrete operational
understanding that certain properties of an object can remain the same even when its appearance changes
classification
concrete operational
the ability to organise objects or events into categories based on common features that set them apart from other categories
