Test 2

Question 1

What are the two measurable properties common to all matter

Answer 1

Volume

Mass

Question 2

This text divides matter into what two major categories

Answer 2

Pure substances

Mixtures

Question 3

Name the six properties that can be observed without making the material something different

(Physical properties)

Answer 3

Color

Shape

Physical state

Odor

Taste

Texture

Question 4

Density

Answer 4

The amount of matter packed into a given volume

Question 5

Malleability

Answer 5

Describes how easily a material can be hammered into shapes

Question 6

Ductility

Answer 6

Describes how easily materials can be drawn into thin wires

Question 7

Conductivity

Answer 7

Describes the ability of a material to transfer heat or electricity between its particles

Question 8

Name three very ductile metals

Answer 8

Copper, aluminum, gold

Question 9

Name and describe the two types of mixtures

Answer 9

Heterogeneous -has two or more distinct regions or phases-Italian dressing

Homogeneous-has only one phase-saltwater

Question 10

A uniform mixture of solid particles suspended in a liquid or gas. The particles will eventually settle out due to gravity

Answer 10

Suspension

HETEROGENEOUS

Question 11

An element that naturally occurs as an individual atom

Answer 11

Monatomic element

Question 12

Elements whose particles are normally composed of groups of three or more identical atoms

Answer 12

Polyatomic elements

Question 13

When writing chemical symbols the first letter is always_in the second letter is always_

Answer 13

Capitalized, lowercase

Question 14

List the four common physical properties of matter

Answer 14

Density, malleability, ductility, conductivity

Question 15

Give an example of a very malleable metal

Answer 15

Gold

Question 16

A Joule (J) is used to measure what two things

Answer 16

Energy and work

Question 17

A type of mechanical energy which involves energy in motion

Answer 17

Kinetic energy

Question 18

A type of mechanical energy which involves the energy of position

Answer 18

Potential energy

Question 19

Is the Connecticut energy of atom sized particles as they move in random directions

Answer 19

Thermal energy

Question 20

_Or_energy involves particles that move in a periodic way like waves

Answer 20

Sound or acoustic

Question 21

Occurs when charged particles, electrons, move between atoms causing atoms to form an break bonds with other atoms

Answer 21

Chemical energy

Question 22

Occurs when the nucleus of an atom breaks apart or when particles are added to or removed from a nucleus

Answer 22

Nuclear energy

Question 23

What does the law of energy conservation say

Answer 23

Energy can be neither created nor destroyed but can only change from one form to another

Question 24

These reactions give off energy

Answer 24

Exothermic

Question 25

These reactions absorb energy

Answer 25

Endothermic

Question 26

What is the amount of heat transfer required to change the temperature of 1 gram of water 1°C

Answer 26

calorie (cal)

Question 27

Is found on food containers

Answer 27

Calorie

Question 28

Tk = formula

Answer 28

Tk =Tc+273.15°

Question 29

Tf = formula

Answer 29

Tf = (1.8•Tc)+32

Question 30

Solids tend to have

Answer 30

A fixed volume A rigid, fixed shape Are relatively incompressible Have a low kinetic energy

Question 31

In 3CaBr{2} What is three What is the little two How many calcium How many bromine

Answer 31

three = coefficient Two = subscript Three calcium Six bromine

Question 32

Mg(NO{3}) {2} How many magnesium How many nitrogen How many oxygen

Answer 32

Magnesium-one Nitrogen-two Oxygen-six

Question 33

What is NaCl

Answer 33

Compound

Question 34

What is He

Answer 34

Monatomic

Question 35

What is O{2}

Answer 35

Diatomic

Question 36

What is S{8}

Answer 36

Polyatomic

Question 37

All noble gases are

Answer 37

Monatomic

Question 38

How many diatomic elements

Answer 38

Seven

Question 39

Pure substances that consist of two or more elements chemically combined are called

Answer 39

Compounds

Question 40

Describe energy

Answer 40

The ability to do work

Question 41

Six most common types of energy

Answer 41

Mechanical Thermal Acoustic Electromagnetic Chemical Nuclear

Question 42

Absolute zero

Answer 42

The theoretical temperature at which all molecules and atomic movement ceases

Question 43

Entropy

Answer 43

The measure of the dispersal of energy

Question 44

Can be measured or observed without changing the actual composition of the material

Answer 44

Physical properties

Question 45

Second law of thermodynamics

Answer 45

All natural processes tend toward the highest entropy and the minimum usable energy