Test 2

Question 0

t/f

malnutrition is more frequent than obesity?

Answer 0

f

Question 1

t/f

children need far fewer calories per pound body weight than infants do?

Answer 1

t

Question 2

what has caused an epidemic of illness associated with obesity?

Answer 2

over feeding

Question 3

Some children insist on eating with certain foods, prepared and presented in a special way.

Answer 3

“Just right” phenomenon

Question 4

What percent of 1-6 year olds evidenced “just right” tendency?

Answer 4

75%

Question 5

t/f

Children develop all their motor skills spontaneously and and diligently as they play?

Answer 5

t

Question 6

How do babies improve dexterity and advance fine motor skills?

Answer 6

through practice

Question 7

What is the primary reason for faster thinking?

Answer 7

myelination

Question 8

Band of nerve fibers that connects each side of the brain?

Answer 8

corpus collosum

Question 9

What part of the brain grows and myelinates rapidly during early childhood?

Answer 9

corpus collosum

Question 10

Literally, sideness, referring to the specialization in certain functions by each side of the brain, with one side dominate for each activity.

Answer 10

lateralization

Question 11

growth of this part of the brain enables children to focus on attention and curb impulsiveness.

Answer 11

prefrontal cortex

Question 12

When children stick to one thought or action

Answer 12

perseveration

Question 13

what four parts of the brain are responsible for emotions?

Answer 13

limbic system
amygdala
hippocampus
hypothalamus

Question 14

this part of the brain produces hormones that activate other parts of the brain and body

Answer 14

hypothalamus

Question 15

this brain structure registers emotions, particularly fear and anxiety

Answer 15

amygdala

Question 16

brain structure that is a central processor of memory, especially memory for locations.

Answer 16

hippocampus

Question 17

Define preoperational

Answer 17

before logical operations

Question 18

What does child’s verbal ability permit?

Answer 18

symbolic thinking

Question 19

What are the seven characteristics of preoperational thought?

Answer 19

contration
egocentrism
focus on appearance
static reasoning
irreversibility
conservation
animism

Question 20

The principal that the amount of a substance remains the same when its appearance changes

Answer 20

conservation

Question 21

Poperational characteristic whereby a young child ignores all attributes that are not apparent.

Answer 21

focus on appearance

Question 22

when children think about the world from only their perspectives

Answer 22

egocentrism

Question 23

When a child thinks that something cannot be restored to the way it was before a change occurred

Answer 23

irreversibility

Question 24

The belief that natural objects and phenomena are alive

Answer 24

animism

Question 25

A characteristic of preoperational thought whereby a young child focuses on one idea, excluding all others.

Answer 25

centration

Question 26

A young child thinks that nothing changes. Whatever is now has always been and always will be

Answer 26

static reasoning

Question 27

Who developed preoperational thought?

Answer 27

Piaget

Question 28

Who created social learning?

Answer 28

Vygotsky

Question 29

t/f | social learning theory says that many aspects of childrens' cognitive development is embedded in the social context

Answer 29

f | every aspect

Question 30

Vygotskis term for a person whose cognition is stimulated and directed by older and more skilled members of society

Answer 30

apprentice in thinking

Question 31

Vygotskys term for the skills-cognitive as well as physical-that a person can exercise only with assistance, not yet independently

Answer 31

zone of proximal development (ZPD)

Question 32

Temporary support that is tailored to a learners needs and abilities and aimed at helping the learners master the next task is given learning process

Answer 32

scaffolding

Question 33

internal dialogue that occurs when ppl talk to themselves

Answer 33

private speech

Question 34

human interaction that expands and advances understanding, often through words that one person uses to explain something to another.

Answer 34

social mediation

Question 35

the idea that children attempt to explain everything they see and hear

Answer 35

theory-theory

Question 36

a persons theory of what other ppl might be thinking

Answer 36

theory of mind

Question 37

Exit point for egocentrism

Answer 37

theory of mind

Question 38

what age does theory of mind start? Do children with autism have theory of mind?

Answer 38

4yrs old | no

Question 39

What is the leading cause of death for ppl under the age of 40?

Answer 39

accidents

Question 40

practices that are aimed at anticipating, controlling, and preventing dangerous activities

Answer 40

injury control/harm reduction

Question 41

What are the three preventions?

Answer 41

primary secondary tertiary

Question 42

Actions taken after an adverse event (such as illness, injury, or abuse)

Answer 42

tertiary prevention

Question 43

actions that change overall background conditions to prevent some unwanted event

Answer 43

primary prevention

Question 44

actions that avert harm in a high risk situation

Answer 44

secondary prevention

Question 45

intentional harm to or avoidable endangerment of anyone under 18 years of age

Answer 45

child maltreatment

Question 46

deliberate action that is harmful to a child's physical, emotional, or sexual well-being

Answer 46

child abuse

Question 47

failure to meet the child's basic physical, educational, or emotional needs

Answer 47

child neglect

Question 48

t/f | severely maltreated children suffer physiologically, academically, and socially in most cultures

Answer 48

f | every culture

Question 49

What is the worst consequence of maltreatment?

Answer 49

children consider other ppl to be hostile and exploitative. It makes them fearful, aggressive, and lonely

Question 50

Which of the three preventions? reduces harm when maltreatment has already occurred. What does this require?

Answer 50

tertiary prevention permanency planning - effort to find long term solution

Question 51

Which prevention? any measure that reduces financial stress, family isolation, and unwanted parenthood.

Answer 51

primary prevention

Question 52

which prevention? This may include home visits by nurses, high-quality day care, and preventive social work.

Answer 52

secondary prevention

Question 53

a legal, publicly supported system in which a maltreated child is removed from the parents' custody and entrusted to another adult of family

Answer 53

foster care

Question 54

A form of foster care I which a relative of a maltreated child, usually a grandparent, becomes the caregiver

Answer 54

kinship care