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Bio psychology > Test 2 > Flashcards

Test 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What is not one of the ways neural communication differs from hormonal communication?

A

The need of receptors for the communication to work

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2
Q

Which of the following hormones is lipid soluble?

A

Steroid hormone

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3
Q

Which hormone affects the way DNA is transcribed thus exerting its effect through modifying proteins?

A

Steroid hormone

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4
Q

An autocrine response is one in which the negative feedback is provided by?

A

Second messengers in the blood

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5
Q

Compared to neurotransmitters, hormone effects are generally__________.

A

More widespread in the body

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6
Q

Which of the following observations provides evidence for the effect of steroids on gene transcription?

A

Body builders that take testosterone have increased growth of muscle cells.

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7
Q

After a meal, glucose from the food enters the bloodstream causing insulin to be released from the ___________?

A

Pancreas

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8
Q

_____________ hormones are released from the hypothalamus to control the pituitary glands release of _________ hormones.

A

Releasing, Tropic

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9
Q

A hormone normally only found in males is ___________.

A

none of the above

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10
Q

The ability of allopreganolone to modulate the activity of GABA receptors is an example of ______________.

A

Nongenomic steroid action

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11
Q

Which hormone is responsible for contractions during childbirth?

A

Oxytocin

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12
Q

Vasopressin is released by the ___________.

A

Posterior pituitary

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13
Q

Melatonin is released almost exclusively ____________.

A

at night

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14
Q

This hormone stimulates the sperm production.

A

Follicle stimulating hormone

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15
Q

The structure located between the hypothalamus and anterior pituitary is ___________.

A

Median eminence

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16
Q

As a result of his e experiments with roosters, Berthold concluded that _____________

A

The testes release a chemical in the blood

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17
Q

The stress hormone cortisol originates where?

A

Adrenal cortex

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18
Q

A goiter forms due to a __________ deficiency.

A

Iodine

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19
Q

Which of the following is a possible effect of taking supplemental testosterone?

A

Aggressive or manic behavior

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20
Q

Which of the following technique could be used to determine whether the receptors of a particular hormone are located in a specific type of cell?

A

Both A and C

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21
Q

An essential feature of tropic hormones is that they ___________

A

Affect the secretion of other endocrine glands

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22
Q

Which of the following is secreted mosty during sleep?

A

growth hormone

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23
Q

Which of the following skin receptors are especially sensitive to stretching the skin?

A

Ruffinis Endings

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24
Q

What has been used to explain how the brain differentiates information from different receptors/sensors?

A

Labeled lines

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25
___________ is where the frequency of firing of a single cell provides information about strength of a stimulus.
coding
26
The relay station that most senses pass through __________
thalamus
27
This structure/ area receives touch sensory information from both sides of the body
Secondary somatosensory cortex
28
This fast adapting touch sensor is important for detecting vibrations _____________
Pacing corpuscles
29
Cortical neurons that respond to information in more than one sensory modality are known as________
Polymodal cells
30
What percent of the general population has some form of synesthesia?
1-4 %
31
This receptor that detects painful heat also responds to the chemical capsaicin in spicy foods, which is why one may sweat while eating a spicy dish.
TRPV1
32
The receptive fiends of _________ are large and have vague borders.
Free nerve endings
33
Each sensory receptor organ is affected by particular environmental events for which an organ is particularly adapted. These events are called?
Adequate stimuli
34
Which layer of skin contains a rich wen of nerve fibers in a network of connective tissue and blood vessels?
Dermis
35
Fast adapting tactile receptors that mediate most of our ability to perceive from are called
Meissners corpuscles
36
__________ is a skin innervated by a single nerve
Dermatome
37
The progressive loss of sensitivity of a sensory receptor as a consequence of sustained stimulation is known as_________
Adaptation
38
The mechanical responses of the outer hair cells appear to act as a cochlear__________
Amplifier
39
Which is not considered one of the basic taste?
Bland
40
Loudness is determined by the ___________ of the sound waves.
Amplitude
41
The three small ossicle bones amplify sound vibrations on to the __________
Oval window
42
Which of the following are utilized to detect sound?
inner hair cells
43
Which of the following is a theory of pitch discrimination?
Both 1 and 3
44
This type of deafness occurs when the outer or middle ear prevents the sound vibrations from reading the cochlea?
Conduction deafness
45
Outputs from the olfactory bulb make synaptic connections to all of the following except?
Hypothalamus
46
Which theory argues that the frequency of auditory stimuli is directly encoded by the firing patterns of each individual neuron
Volley theory
47
The swaying of stereocillica in response to sound waves results in an influx of _________ at the base of the hair cell.
Ca2+
48
The _____________ is/are usually the initial site of noise induced deafness.
Hair cells
49
The tiny bones of the middle ear are collectively known as the
Ossicles
50
___________ Protects against intense sounds
Stapedius
51
__________ theory offers the best current understanding of the mechanism of pitch perception.
A and B
52
The auditory stimulus is transducer into electrical signals by the ________
Hair cells
53
Which is most accurate about visual information crossing from one side of the brain to the other?
1/2 information crosses the optic chiasm
54
The color of light you see is due to that lights__________.
wavelength
55
The very first part of the eye light passes through is the _______
cornea
56
Where does transduction occur for visual information?
Retina
57
___________ has a blind spot in their visual field.
True
58
Cones utilize the photopigment _________ where as rods use __________.
Retinal and Opsin Rhodosin
59
The __________ muscles are used to change the shape of the lens.
Ciliary
60
Which is not a way the eye handles different light intensity?
Inhibiting on center bipolar cells
61
When there is no visual stimulation, rods and cones ________
fire at full blast
62
Unlike most cells, this cell is excited when it receives less glutamate.
On center bi polar cell
63
This area is perhaps best known for being very important in the processing of color visual information.
V4
64
This visual area is specialized for motion perception
V5
65
The process by which the shape of the lens is altered in order to project a sharp image onto the retina is called?
Accommodation
66
In terrestrial mammals, the ___________ is primarily responsible for refraction of light.
Lens
67
The cells who's axons make up the optic nerve are the _________ cells.
Ganglion
68
The motor nucleus that controls the muscles of the eye is the ________
Oculomotor nucleus
69
Duchennes muscular dystrophy is a type of inherited muscle disorder that involves__________?
A single gene located on the X chromosome
70
The most basic unit of movement is ________?
reflex
71
A rapid movement that is completed regardless of the feedback received is a __________
Ballistic movement
72
What neurotransmitter is especially important for motoneurons _________
Acetylcholine
73
Golgi tendon organs reprot muscle __________
Contraction
74
Which of the following is a property of fast muscle fibers?
Rapid fatigue
75
This brain region is thought to not only be important for observational learning due to mirror neurons but also empathy.
Premotor cortex
76
The primary motor cortex is highly correlated with ________ and the secondary motor cortex is highly correlated with ________.
Basal ganglia, Cerebellum
77
This disease is caused by a lack of dystrophin
Muscular dystrophy
78
Which of the following is not a symptom of parkinson's disease?
Sudden flinging of arms
79
Huntingtons disease is transmitted by ___________
A single dominant gene
80
The SMA is important for encoding the __________ of movement
Sequences
81
Fetal cell transplants have bee investigated as a treatment for parkinson's disease, but some patients exhibit __________
Severe involuntary movements
82
Myasthenia graves is thought to be caused by
Antibodies that attack acetylcholine receptors
83
Patients with alcoholism often have damage to the _________ which results in ataxic gait.
Cerebellum

Bio psychology (2 decks)

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