test 2 chapter 13 personality Flashcards
(52 cards)
what is personality?
the distinctive and relatively enduring ways of thinking, feeling and acting that characterize a person’s responses in life
in freud’s model of personality, what are the 3 levels of consciousness?
1) conscious - awareness of environment
2) preconscious - available to awareness (names, phone numbers)
3) unconscious - unavailable to awareness (repressed memories)
in freud’s model of personality, what is superego?
a sense of mortality - values of what is right or wrong - unconscious
in freud’s model of personality, what is ego?
the conscious aspect of personality - balancing demands of id and superego
in freud’s model of personality, what is Id?
unconscious - pleasure principle
an overly impulsive person would have a large….
Id
what are defence mechanisms
maladaptive response when there is no way to satisfy the demands if Id and superego
what are the 8 defence mechanisms?
- repression (primary defence mechanism
- denial
- projection
- displacement
- intellectualization
- rationalization
- reaction formation
- sublimation
of defence mechanisms, what is sublimation?
the healthy option - a repressed impulse is released in the form of a socially acceptable or even admired behaviour
in defence mechanisms, what is projection?
when an unacceptable impulse is repressed and then attributed to other people ( drive by dairy queen, want some, judge weaklings there eating it)
in defence mechanisms, what is displacement?
when a potentially dangerous impulse is repressed, redirected at safer target (eat frozen yogurt at home instead of sundae at DQ)
in defence mechanisms, what is intellectualization?
emotion connected w upsetting event repressed, situation dealt w as an intellectually interesting event
in defence mechanisms what is rationalization
a person constructs a false but plausible explanation for behaviour (eat hot fudge sundae, say it will help migrant farmers who harvest cocoa)
in defence mechanisms what is reaction formation?
an anxiety arousing impulse is repressed, energy finds release in exaggerated expression of the opposite behaviour (you judge local DQ bc they have no low fat options)
what is psychosexual development?
focuses on pleasure sensitive areas of body, with adult personality developing through these stages
what leads to fixation?
deprivations or overindulgences at any given stage can lead to fixation
what are the 5 stages of psychosexual development?
1) oral stage - 0-2 (mouth zone)
2) anal stage - 2-3 (anus)
3) phallic stage - 4-6 (genitals- resolving oedipal complex aka penis envy and castration anxiety)
4) latency stage - 7-puberty (social relationships)
5) genital stage - puberty onwards (genitals)
what are sample fixations?
1) anal-retentive: exhibiting tendency for excessive control over how things are done
2) oral fixation - obsession with oral stimulation, thought to be due to problem during weaning
what are archetypes
a collectively inherited unconscious idea present in individual psyches…myths (wise old man)
what was karen horneys theory?
3 personality types
3 types of people, either normal or neurotic with:
- Moving toward others
- Moving against others
- Moving away from otherswhat is psychoanalysis vs psychodynamic?
psychoanalysis was freud’s original theory (obsolete)
psychoanalysis are theories by other people that build on freud, but are different
what is unconditional positive regard?
to self actualize, people need to be loved and accepted by other people
what is conditions of worth?
believing that some aspects of our experience are deserving of love/praise, other are not. inhibits self actualization
what is self actualization?
The motivation to realize one’s own maximum potential and possibilities
