Test 2 Material

Question 0

For an organism classified as a photolithoautotroph, what is its carbon source?

Answer 0

CO2

Question 1

What radio labeled atom could you use to test whether a component of a bacteria contained protein or not?

Answer 1

S-sulfur

Question 2

For an organism classified as a photolithoautotroph, what is its energy source?

Answer 2

Light

Question 3

For an organism classified as a photolithoautotroph, what does it use as it’s source of electrons?

Answer 3

Inorganic molecules

Question 4

If you put an antibiotic into a growth media so bacteria that are sensitive to that antibiotic cannot grow what functional type of media would that be?

Answer 4

Selective media

Question 5

If you have one B. Subtilis that has a generation time of 30 min and 100,000 mols of tuberculosis with a generation time of 12 hours which will you have more of after one day under optimal growth conditions?

Answer 5

B. Subtilis

Question 6

Put the following in order by best growth temperatures from coldest to hottest.

Mesophile, psychrophile, thermophile

Answer 6

Psychrophile, Mesophile, thermophile

Question 7

In general do psychrophiles grow at warmer or colder temperatures than psychrotrophs

Answer 7

Colder

Question 8

List two structures that can be found on both eukaryotes and prokaryotes; and which would be made of different components in eukaryotes than prokaryotes

Answer 8

Flagella and cell wall

Question 9

What is the power source for bacterial flagellar movement

Answer 9

Proton motive force

Question 10

What characteristic of bacterial endospore help provide its resistance to environmental conditions?

Answer 10

• Dehydrated core
• Calcium/dipicolinic acid
• DNA repair enzymes
• Acid soluble-DNA binding proteins
• Spore coat

Question 11

Where clathrin located prior to its functioning in endocytosis?

Answer 11

On the inner side of the cell membrane

Question 12

What function does the conjugation pilus serve?

Answer 12

It allows for transfer of a plasmid from one bacterium to another

Question 13

The basal body of a prokaryotic flagellum contains different numbers of rings depending on the type of organism. Do the flagella of a gram positive bacterium have more or fewer rings than a flagella of a gram negative bacterium

Answer 13

Fewer

Question 14

The region in the bacteria that contains the genome (within the cytoplasm) is called

Answer 14

Nucleoid

Question 15

List the characteristics if bacterial endospores that make them resistant to killing.

Answer 15

Dipicolinic acid complexed with calcium
DNA binding proteins
Dehydrated core
Spore coat 
DNA repair enzymes

Question 16

In photosynthesis, a common product is glucose. Electrons activated by light go through the electron transport chain to create NADPH and ATP that can be used in making glucose. Where does the carbon come from to make glucose?

Answer 16

CO2

Question 17

The enzyme that converts proton gradient energy to ATP is the same in photosynthesis as it is in oxidative respiration. What enzyme complex does this?

Answer 17

ATP synthase

Question 18

What is for attachment?

Answer 18

Short pili

Question 19

Transfer of genetic information from one bacteria to another

Answer 19

Long pili

Question 20

Transfers plasmids from one bacteria to another

Answer 20

Conjugation pilus

Question 21

Short, thin, hairlike, proteinaceous appendages

Answer 21

Fimbriae

Question 22

Required for mating (conjugation)

Answer 22

Sex pili

Question 23

_________ replication is independent to chromosomal replication

Answer 23

Plasmid

Question 24

What is the binding region?

Answer 24

Origin of replication

Question 25

A circle of DNA that bacteria can absorb into the cell

Answer 25

Plasmid

Question 26

Any substance that can destroy or inhibit the growth of bacteria and similar microorganisms

Answer 26

Antibiotics

Question 27

Allow bacteria to share genes

Answer 27

Sex pili

Question 28

Subunit for flagella

Answer 28

Flagellin

Question 29

How could a pilus not be fimbriae?

Answer 29

If it's a conjugation pilus

Question 30

How could you tell if a flagellum belonged to a gram positive or a gram negative bacterium

Answer 30

The basal bodies are different: the negative bacteria have 4 rings, and then positive have 2 rings

Question 31

An axial filament is a modification of what cellular structure?

Answer 31

Flagella

Question 32

How many membranes are found on a bacterial endospore?

Answer 32

2

Question 33

What does dipicolinic acid complex with in an endospore?

Answer 33

Calcium to ensure stability

Question 34

Organisms need ________, ___________, _________ in order to grow.

Answer 34

- Building block atoms - Energy Source - Electron donor (and acceptors)

Question 35

Elemental makeup of proteins:

Answer 35

CHONS

Question 36

Elemental makeup of lipids:

Answer 36

CHOP

Question 37

Elemental makeup of carbohydrates:

Answer 37

CHO

Question 38

Elemental makeup of Nucleic acids:

Answer 38

CHONP

Question 39

CO2 sole or principal bio synthetic carbon source

Answer 39

Autotrophs

Question 40

Organic carbon source In notes: reduced, preformed, organic molecules from other organisms

Answer 40

Heterotroph

Question 41

Energy source: light

Answer 41

Phototrophs

Question 42

Energy source: organic or inorganic compounds

Answer 42

Chemotrophs

Question 43

Electron source: inorganic molecules

Answer 43

Lithotrophs

Question 44

Electron source: organic molecules

Answer 44

Organotrophs

Question 45

What nutritional types of micro organisms can live in the absence of other microorganisms?

Answer 45

- photolithoautotroph - chemolithoautotroph ~because they don't require organic molecules.

Question 46

A nutritional type of microorganism that has CO2 as its carbon source, light as the energy source, and an inorganic electron source

Answer 46

Photolithoautotroph

Question 47

A nutritional microorganism that has an organic carbon source, light as its energy source, and organic electron source.

Answer 47

Photoorganoheterotroph

Question 48

A nutritional microorganism that has CO2 as its carbon source, inorganic chemicals as it's energy source, and inorganic electrons as the electron source

Answer 48

Chemolithoautotroph

Question 49

A nutritional microorganism that has an organic carbon source, inorganic chemicals as an energy source, and has an inorganic electron source

Answer 49

Chemolithoheterotroph

Question 50

A nutritional microorganism that has an organic carbon source, has organic chemicals often the same as the carbon source for their source of energy, and have organic electrons that are also often the same as the carbon source

Answer 50

Chemoorganoheterotrophs

Question 51

For a microorganism to be completely self sufficient what does it must have?

Answer 51

-CO2 as carbon source -Have light or inorganic molecules for energy source -And an inorganic electron source Therefore, they all must be autotrophs and cannot be heterotrophs.

Question 52

What are the 5 functional types of media

Answer 52

``` Supportive Enriched Defined Selective Differential ```

Question 53

What is basic nutrient agar?

Answer 53

Supportive media

Question 54

Supportive agar that contains extra components Ex: iron from blood is used to grow.

Answer 54

Enriched media

Question 55

What agar contains all individual known components including how much of each

Answer 55

Defined media

Question 56

What agar will allow certain organisms to grow and others to not grow?

Answer 56

Selective media

Question 57

What agar will have both organisms grow but will have different growth appearances?

Answer 57

Differential media

Question 58

McConkie agar is _________ media because it contains bile salt found in your gut. It is also _______ media because it contains lactose, and bacteria that contain lactose turn pH indicators pink.

Answer 58

Selective | Differential

Question 59

Special name for lactose bile salt bacteria

Answer 59

Coilforms

Question 60

2 coliforms examples

Answer 60

E. Coli | Salmonella

Question 61

Fermentation from utilizing sugars will give you ______

Answer 61

Acid