Test 2 part VI

Question 1

Which type of adrenergic medication would you give for nasal decongestion?

Answer 1

Alpha Agonist (nasal mucosa constriction)

Question 2

Which Adrenergic receptor increases lipolysis?

Answer 2

Beta

Question 3

Which Adrenergic receptor inhibits lipolysis?

Answer 3

Alpha 2

Question 4

What receptors increase insulin secretion from the pancreas?

Answer 4

Beta

Question 5

What receptors decrease insulin secretion from the pancreas?

Answer 5

Alpha 2

Question 6

What drug should you avoid using in insulin dependent diabetics or those with CAD?

Answer 6

Beta Blockers (inhibit lipolysis, increases LDL, decreases HDL)

Question 7

Which drug is given for the treatment of BPH?

Answer 7

Alpha Blockers (relaxes the prostate and the bladder neck)

Question 8

What type of drug is labetalol?

Answer 8

Mixed Alpha and Beta Sympatholytic

Question 9

What type of drug is haloperidol?

Answer 9

Mixed Alpha and Dopa Sympatholytic

Question 10

Which drug is a CNS stimulant that inhibits NT reuptake at noradrenergic synapses by blocking NET?

Answer 10

Cocaine

Question 11

Which Alpha Blocker is a treatment for Pheochromocytoma/ high catecholamine states?

Answer 11

Phenoxybenzamine

Question 12

What is the mechanism of action for Phenoxybenzamine?

Answer 12

Blocks α1 and α2, lowers BP, but has indirect baroreflex activation so HR rises

Question 13

Labetalol blocks _____ over _____.

Answer 13

α1 > β block

Question 14

Carvedilol, a Mixed Alpha & Beta, blocks _____ over _____.

Answer 14

β > α1 block

Question 15

What is the Mechanism of Action for Haloperidol?

Answer 15

Causes sedation, tranquility by blocking Dopaminergic (D2) receptors in the brain and antagonizing α receptors.

Question 16

Before surgery for removal of pheochromocytoma, what drugs should the patient be on?

Answer 16

Alpha Blocker first, then Beta Blocker

Question 17

What is the mechanism of action for Timolol?

Answer 17

Blocks β1 and β2 and reduces intraocular pressure.

Question 18

What is the standard treatment for Glaucoma?

Answer 18

Timolol

Question 19

Which Beta Blocker has the shortest half-life?

Answer 19

Esmolol; (β1 > β2) short half-life

Question 20

Nicotinic receptor agonism in the brain is responsible for the regulation and release of what neurotransmitters?

Answer 20

1. glutamate
2. GABA
3. serotonin
4. dopamine
5. NE

Question 21

Acute withdrawal of ________________ medications that agonize the _____________ receptor will cause anxiety and stress; therefore, they must be tapered

Answer 21

direct acting cholinomimetics; nicotinic

Question 22

Tertiary amines that are muscarinic blockers achieve significant levels in the CNS within _________________ minutes; except transdermal route (like scopolamine), which take about __________ hours

Answer 22

30-60; 4

Question 23

What is the effect of giving a muscarinic blocker on the eye?

Answer 23

1. mydriasis
2. cycloplegia (relax ciliary muscle –> loss of accomodation –> unable to focus for near vision)
3. reduced lacrimal secretion (dry eye/sand eye)

Question 24

What are the contraindications for administering a muscarinic blocker?

Answer 24

1. Glaucoma, esp closed angle
2. BPH
3. gastric ulcers

Question 25

What drug category will lead to increased sweat production esp palms of hands from apocrine sweat glands?

Answer 25

Sympathomimetics

Question 26

What are the indications for administering a Ganglionic Blocker?

Answer 26

1. htn emergency 2. dissecting aortic aneurysm 3. smoking cessation 4. ECT

Question 27

What are the locations for the M1 Receptor?

Answer 27

CNS neurons, sympathetic post-ganglionic neurons, some pre-synaptic sites, and the stomach

Question 28

What are the locations of the M2 receptor?

Answer 28

The myocardium, smooth muscle, some presynaptic sites, and CNS neurons

Question 29

What are the locations of the M3 receptor?

Answer 29

Exocrine glands, vessels of the smooth Muscle and endothelium, and CNS neurons?

Question 30

What are the locations of the Nn receptor?

Answer 30

Post ganglionic neurons and some presynaptic cholinergic terminals

Question 31

What is the location of the Nm receptor?

Answer 31

Skeletal muscle neuromuscular endplates

Question 32

What is the location of the Alpha 1 receptor?

Answer 32

Postsynaptic effector cells especially in smooth muscle

Question 33

What is the location of the Alpha 2 receptor?

Answer 33

Presynaptic adrenergic nerve terminals, platelets, lipocytes, and smooth Muscle

Question 34

What are the locations of the Beta 1 Receptor?

Answer 34

Post synaptic effector cells of the heart, lipocytes, and brain; adrenergic and cholinergic nerve terminals, and the JGA and ciliary epithelium

Question 35

What are the locations of the Beta 2 receptors?

Answer 35

Post synaptic effector cells especially in smooth and cardiac muscle

Question 36

What are the locations of the Dopa 1 receptors?

Answer 36

Brain, and effector tissues - especially the smooth muscle of the renal vascular bed