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Test 3? Flashcards

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1
Q

Classical era dates

A

1750-1820

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2
Q

Classical era other names

A

Age of Enlightenment or reason

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3
Q

Predominant world views:
Human behavior, the arts

A

All mankind is good by nature
Equality
Reason and COMPREHENSIBLE thought above all else
Balance proportion and symmetry in natural models and the arts

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4
Q

What is a good example of classical thoughts and values

A

US constitution (1787)

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5
Q

Important historical people

A

Thomas Jefferson, Benjamin Franklin, and VOLTAIRE (CANDIDE)

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6
Q

Important musicians

A

Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart
Franz Joseph Hayden
Ludwig Van Beethoven

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7
Q

Musical style of classical period

A

Accessible for all, simpler counterpoints, predominated by melody
Addition of Aug 6
No more basso continuo

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8
Q

What is the most important classical development

A

Sonata Allegro Form

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9
Q

Sonata allegro form

A

Exposition, development, recapitalization
Largely just functional tonality based

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10
Q

Egalitarian views

A

Equality- equal rights/opportunities

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11
Q

Voltaire and
Most notable piece

A

Prolific/versatile writer
Wrote CANDIDE- French satire

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12
Q

Harmonic rhythm

A

Rate of chord changes

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13
Q

Intermezzo AND
Example

A

Short 2 act opera buffa style. Between three acts in opera seria. Often different cast?
La Serva Padrona

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14
Q

Impresario

A

Producer of opera. Organized EVERYTHING. Assumed financial risk

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15
Q

Libretto

A

Text of opera usually by specialist poet or librettist who were considered equal to composers

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16
Q

Opera Seria
Plot

A

Italian serious opera
Mostly plot from Roman mythology or historical plot from at least 100 years prior

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17
Q

Opera buffa

A

Italian comic opera
Comic meaning funny or contemporary character issues
Barber of Seville

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18
Q

Tragedie Lyricque

A

Basically French serious opera

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19
Q

Opera comique

A

French comic opera

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20
Q

Mannheim School
People

A

Prince Carl Theodor of Mannheim- founder
Johann Vaclav Stamitz
Conductor/composer

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21
Q

Johann Vaclav Stamitz

A

Leading conductor of Mannheim School
High standards
Composer
Developed what becomes standard classical symphony layout

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22
Q

Classical symphony layout

A
  1. Fast, sonata allegro
  2. Slow ABA or Sonato Allegro
  3. Minuet- trio
  4. Fastest theme/variations or rondo
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23
Q

Haydn

A

Main contributor to evolution on classical style
Appealed to less educated folks too! Music for all
Symphony and string quartet
Master of mass and oratorio

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24
Q

Haydns style

A

Original, diverse, melodic simplicity, and humor

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25
Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart
Master of all genres One of top opera composers Developed classical concerto form and character
26
Style of Mozart
Dramatic contrast, expressive chromaticizm, rich part writing, large scale tonal relationships Showed no interest in originality or innovation
27
What did Giovanni Batista Pergolesi write
La Serva padrona Son imbroglio io
28
La Serva padrona Son imbroglio io Composer
Giovanni Battisti Pegolesi
29
La serva padrona genre
Intermezzo aria
30
Son imbroglio io Genre
Intermezzo aria
31
What did Johann Stamitz Write
Sinfonia 8 in Eb major Movement 1- Allegro Assai
32
Sinfonia 8 in Eb major Composer
Johann Stamitz
33
Movement 1- Allegro Assa Composer
Johann Stamitz
34
Sinfonia 8 in Eb major Movement 1- Aplegeo assai Genre
Symphony
35
String Quartet in Eb major (The Joke) Composer
Franz Joseph Haydn
36
1st movement of String Quartt in E Flat Major (The Joke)
Allegro Moderato, Cantabile
37
2nd movement of String Quartt in E Flat Major (The Joke)
Scherzo- allegro
38
3rd movement of String Quartt in E Flat Major (The Joke)
Largo sostenuto
39
4th movement of String Quartt in E Flat Major (The Joke)
Finale- presto
40
String quartet in Eb major Genre
String quartet
41
Allegro moderato cantible Genre
String quartet
42
2. Scherzo Allegro Genre
String quartet
43
3. Largo sostenuto Genre
String quartet
44
4. Finale Presto Genre
String quartet
45
The creation No. 2 in the beginning of god Composer
Franz Joseph Haydn
46
No. 2 in the beginning of god Genre
Oratorio
47
Piano concerto in a major Movement 1 Composer
Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart
48
Piano concerto in a major Movement one Genre
Piano concerto
49
Don Giovanni Act 1 scene 1/2 Composer
Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart
50
Act 1 scene 1/2 Genre and piece
Opera Don Giovanni
51
What movement are we studying of The Creation
2. In the beginning of god
52
Coda
Tail or ending
53
Re transition
Transitioning back to home key into recapitulation
54
Rondo
ABACADA
55
Dramma Giocoso And example
Serious opera with funny elements Italian Don Giovanni
56
Hammerstroke figure And example
Mannheim school development 3 dun dun dune at the beginning of Syphony 8 Stamitz
57
Mannheim Steamroler
Slow long build crescendo
58
Minuet-trio
From baroque Triple meter dace Rhondo
59
Double exposition
Sonata allegro form To expositions One orchestra, soloist theme/ideas
60
Alberti bass
Arpeggiated piano in left, simple melody in right
61
Patron system
Worked under a sort of musical judge or council Had to appease them
62
Sonata
Solo instrument with accompaniment keyboard
63
Concerto Biggest contributed
Developed from concerto grosso (multiple soloists + orchestra) Now. Solo + orchestra MOZARTTTT
64
Orchestration
The art of writing for orchestra
65
Amade
Nickname for Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart
66
Papa (Haydn)
Haydns nickname
67
Son Imbrogliato io Listening
Quick- some low fat notes Dramatic bass voice- active string/harpsichord
68
Allegro Assai Listening
Full orchestra- oboe solos MORE FAMILIAR MANY TRILLS
69
Allegro moderator, cantabile Listening
Low violin predominates Some violin 1 flexing Many short phrases/ Many changes in speeed and dynamics
70
Scherzo Allegro Listening
1 + 2, 3 Dancey triple meter Pitch bending Dense weewoo weewoo weewoo we chords?
71
Largo Sostenuto Listening
Slow chill long quartet More space Less frantic energy
72
Finale presto Listening
Fast- many notes Ends in big block chords lots of space
73
In the beginning god creates heaven and earth Listening
English bass Sparse/quiet string background Clarinet Simple chorus
74
Piano concerto in A major Listening
Piano Or really listen for flute
75
Act 1, scene 1 Listening
Broad but Bouncy heroic bass- lighter Accompaniment follows rhythm Duet Recorder at end
76
Act 1 scene 2
Acting Monologue duet Random harpsichord
77
Haydn Achievements, lasting musical contributions, and nickname
More than any other composer established instrumental music and rival significance of OPERA Especially SYMPHONIES. Also established by Haydn. Skyrocketed String quartet most important chamber genre Sacred vocal music. Opera,oratorio, masses One of most influential in western music, studied by all Europe Papa- knowledge, kind, helpful, very funny, just a good well loved guy Reflected classical thoughts/ideals
78
Most important musical development of classical era. And why Essay
Sonata allegro form Structure movements of instrumental music. Order in great length Made more sense to audiences now Embodies tastes of classical thought Continued to be used NOW
79
Ideals of classical thought and how reflected in music
Rationality, logic, good sense, balance, proportion, symmetry Greek Roman thought pinnacle of thought so used it in operas. Reflected those ideas No exaggeration of emotion Should not look or feel difficult to understand. Approachable. For all Structure- sonata allegro form Equality- even in law All are fundamentally good, or someone was corrupting them. Children recognize it
80
What was patron system
Not legal or verbal agreement Practice of wealthy people inherited wealth, aristocracy. AND CHURCHES Hire musicians. In court. Some other duties too (shoes, clothes, stables, ORCHESTRA) Had to appeal to them, only people who could afford pro music. Haydn got job in court. Worked for four successive of princes. Part of family. Fit their tastes Mozart wasn’t easy to work with. Almost made it to the emperors court, but couldn’t. Couldn’t satisfy court. Outsider

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