Test 3 Flashcards

Question

George Gershwin

Answer 1

American Important figure in American musical theatre Porgy and Bess (largely African American plot and cast) Infused American pop emelemnts and jazz into classical

Answer 2

American Set out to create uniquely American musical language Experimented with 12 tone serialism and bitonality but remained strongly rhythmic very tonal, and often employed folk melodies

Answer 3

Mississippi Son of college educated teachers and grandson of slaves Studied at Oberlin College and made living as composer and arranger Modeled himself after Samuel Coleridge Taylor One of most successful Black American composers in a segregated America Style blends elements from African American spit rituals and blues in traditional neoclassical contexts

Answer 4

Mixture of tonal and atonal

Answer 5

Musical theatre Incorporated American pop and jazz elements into classical

Answer 6

Experimented with 12 tone serialism and bitonality, but remained strongly rhythmic, very tonal, and often employed folk melodies

Answer 7

Elements of African American spirituals and blues in traditional neoclassical contexts Sonata allegro form Exposition, development, recapitulation Sonata Rhonda- AB/C/BA

Answer 8

One of most important in 20th century (especially French Asante grade) Separate from all schools and teachers Known by his works and teachings Highly ordered works sometimes using serial techniques in several musical elements not only pitch Explored some compositional techniques that he invented (communicable language and non-retrodradable rhythm)

Answer 9

Highly ordered works, serial techniques in several elements, not just pitch Explored techniques he invented, communicable language and non-retrogradabke rhythm

Answer 10

A view or model in which to exam something Ex: Music Since 1945 is a paradigm Discuss contemporary music as struggling to deal with two imagined extremes. Order and chaos

Answer 11

Struggling to deal with two imagined extremes: ORDER AND CHAOS

Answer 12

Musical events are pre planned The musical composition exists in own right seperate from audience, performers, and environment Written score is the purest expression of the artwork Composer plays the role of creator, almost of a deity

Answer 13

Musical events not pre planned Audience, performers, and environment and necessary variables in musical experience Written score is intended as a guide to the musical event Composer plays role of experimenter, explorer, scientist

Answer 14

Composer mathematician and philosopher Developed pitch class theory and musical/mathmqtixal ideas such as “source set” “combinatoriality” “aggregate”, “secondary act” and “derived set Controversial article said serious music requires educated audience Urged musicians to re-examine and probe very foundations of his art. “Who cares if you listen” CARE HOW YOU LISTEN

Answer 15

American composer and philosopher on music Worldwide influence Student of Schoenberg and Cowell Reknown experimentalist “All sound is music” controversial Explored serialism, prepared piano, interderminacy, silence, unhinged sound as expressive

Answer 16

Set of which elements are drawn from

Answer 17

Combine different elements into larger structures that have meaning

Answer 18

Combine multiple values into a single result

Answer 19

Limit points?

Answer 20

Pursued by John cage Think critically about distinctions between sound and music All sound is music- Cage Development of new ideas- musique concrete, extended techniques, and non traditional instruments

Answer 21

Recorder traditional non music sounds “fixed media works” ex: Beetles Revolution no. 9 Can use recordings of musical instruments sometimes manipulated or distorted, animal sounds, human voice, environment sounds like wind or rain, and mechanical sounds of clicked motors etc

Answer 22

Traditional acoustic musical instruments to create unusual idiomatic non-traditional sounds

Answer 23

You piano and harmonica in a Child dies each afternoon

Answer 24

Musical instruments sometimes manipulated or distorted Animal, rain, wind sounds, environmental Mechanical like clocks motors etc

Answer 25

late 1950 into 1960

Answer 26

Andy Warhol

Answer 27

Pop art Andy Warhol

Answer 28

Immediate comprehensibility of ideas and subtle variations over time

Answer 29

A reaction against some types of avante garde music which seemed overly compelx distant and difficult to understand

Answer 30

Phillip glass, Steve Reich, and John Adam’s

Answer 31

Style that arose in late 1950-1960 In painting represents works such as Andy Warhols Sometimes associated with pop art In music, immediate comprehensibility of ideas and subtle variations over times Reaction against avante garde music which seemed overly complex distant and and difficult to understand Principal music figures: Phillip Glass, Steve Reich, and John Adams

Answer 32

Pioneered tape loops and phasing techniques Come out: written for retrial of 6 black kids arrested for murder in 1966 Harlem 6. One did it, not all six. Made out of one of the innocent boys tapes and mothers and voices

Answer 33

American Founding figure of minimalism At times focused on electronic and recorded music, more often designed for live performance His works explore contemporary political/social dilemmas

Answer 34

Between singing and speech Arnold Schoenberg

Answer 35

One central pitch

Answer 36

Pitch center moves if it even exists

Answer 37

Disciplined approach to atonality Ordering pitch 12 tone serialism Eventually applied to dynamics and rhythm

Answer 38

Leaving specific musical elements up to chance Improv options etc

Answer 39

Systematic approach to atonality 12 tone serialism

Answer 40

Leaving things up to chance

Answer 41

Panorama across diatonic keys

Answer 42

2 keys or pitch centers at once

Answer 43

Multiple key center at same time

Answer 44

Milton Babbit Mathematical Pitch assigned number which also functions as distance from first note or tonic

Answer 45

Not just pitch but rhythm dynamics ETC

Answer 46

Simplicity Repetition Slow gradual progression Atonality John Adam’s?

Answer 47

Borrowing from many different influences

Answer 48

Recording, dance, singing, instruments all together

Answer 49

Experimental Idiomatic Avant Garde Artificial harmonies

Answer 50

Pattern repeats before reaching octave

Answer 51

Quarter step tones, spaced or intervals within half steps

Answer 52

Magnetic tapes on repeat One slightly shorter than other, slowly not lining up

Test 3 Flashcards

(78 cards)