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Forensic Path > Test 3 > Flashcards

Test 3 Flashcards

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1
Q

A disease in which a person has excess amounts of tissue fluid present in the body. Tissue fluids is the substance which bathes and surrounds the body cells is

A

Edema

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2
Q

The cause of edema where he capillaries are allowing too much fluid in and not enough out. The cells are swelling.is

A

Increased permeability of the capillaries

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3
Q

The cause of edema due to venous obstruction or heart failure.is

A

Increased capillary pressure

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4
Q

The cause of edema due to injury is

A

Inflammatory conditions

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5
Q

The cause of edema due to post surgical problems is

A

Fluid/ electrolyte problems

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6
Q

The example of edema that is generalized edema – edema scattered throughout the entire body is

A

Anasarca

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7
Q

The example of edema that has excess tissue fluid in the abdominal cavity or peritoneal cavity is

A

Ascites

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8
Q

The example of edema that has excess tissue fluid in the thoracic or plural cavity is

A

Hydrothorax

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9
Q

The example of edema that has excess tissue fluid in the sack that surrounds the heart is

A

Hydropericardium

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10
Q

The example of edema that is excess fluid or edema of a sacculated cavity. Affects the scrotum in males is

A

Hydrocele

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11
Q

The example of edema that is excess fluid in the cranial cavity - water on the brain. Affects the nervous system. Most commonly reported more in children than adults is

A

Hydro-cephalus

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12
Q

Excess blood in a body part or organ is known as

A

Hyperemia (congestion)

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13
Q

Excess blood in a body part or organ due to increased functional demand known as blushing is

A

Physiological hyperemia

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14
Q

Excess blood in a body part or organ due to disease. Seen in cyanosis, reddish blue discoloration seen in the tissues due to lack of oxygen is

A

Pathological Hyperemia

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15
Q

The hyperemia that is excess blood that is brought by the arteries is

A

Active hyperemia

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16
Q

The hyperemia that is excess blood in a body part or organ due to venous obstruction is

A

Passice hyperemia

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17
Q

A reduction in the arterial blood supply to a body part or organ is

A

Ischemia

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18
Q

A common cause of ischemia is

A

The presence of an attached blood clot in an artery

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19
Q

An effect of ischemia is

A

Infarction, death of tissue caused an interference to the blood supply

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20
Q

The process by which there is the presence of an attached blood clot during life. A single one is termed thrombus while two or more are termed thrombi is known as

A

Thrombosis

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21
Q

The following are causes of ___
Injuries to blood vessels
Slower rate of blood flow, causes blood to become thicker
Alterations in blood composition, can be caused by disease
Blood diseases, such as leukemia

A

Thrombosis

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22
Q

The most common location of thrombi is

A

In the veins of the lower extremities, deep vein thrombosis

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23
Q

The least common veins of thrombi is

A

In the chambers of the heart, are usually shipped from another part of the body

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24
Q

The location of thrombi include

A

Deep veins of the lower extremities
Arteries
Chambers of the heart

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25
Consequences of thrombi that if thrombus is present in an artery can cause reduction in arterial blood supply is
Ischemia
26
Consequences of thrombi that are most common, excess blood in an body part or organ because of an obstruction in a vein is
Passive Hyperemia
27
Consequences of thrombi that is the death of tissue caused by interference of blood supply is
Infarction
28
Consequences of thrombi that is the process by which you have a free floating object not normally present in the blood stream during life. A single one would be an embolus, more than one is emboli is known as an
Embolism
29
The type of thrombi most common, free floating blood clot, a clot that detaches or breaks off is
Fragments of thrombi
30
The type of thrombi present in the blood stream during life known as blood poisoning; septicemia is
Bacteria
31
The type of thrombi that is an abnormal growth/ swelling. Malignant or non malignant. Begins as free floating in the blood stream. Spread by the blood or lymph system is a
Tumor
32
The type of thrombi that is parasites free floating in the blood stream is
Animal parasites
33
The type of thrombi that is fat cells free floating in the blood stream is
Fat
34
The type of thrombi that is air free floating in the blood stream is
Gas
35
The type of thrombi that is characterized by small pieces of glass or metal free floating in the blood stream is
Foreign bodies
36
The consequence of ischemia that is a localized area of dead tissue caused by interference of blood supply is
Infarction
37
The consequence of ischemia that is the spread of infection or neoplasm is
New growth
38
The consequence that results in dead heart tissue commonly of the heart is
Necrosis
39
The loss of blood from the vascular system. A human can lose no more than half (1/2) without irreversible damage or death is known as
Hemorrhage (bleeding)
40
The method of hemorrhage that is the loss of blood by rupture of a blood vessel, Rupture of one of the chambers of the heart is
Rhexis
41
The method of hemorrhage that is the loss of blood by squeezing through the pores of the capillaries is
Diapedesis
42
``` The following are causes of ___ Trauma - wound or injury Vascular diseases of the blood vessels Hypertension - high blood pressure Blood diseases - plethora - excess amount of circulating blood ```
Hemorrhage
43
The smallest of the hemorrhages in terms of size; pinpoint hemorrhages, commonly seen in cancer patients are called
Petechia
44
The medium sized hemorrhage (bruise or black and blue spot). Most famous sites- long term IV or a shiner (black eye) are called
Echymosis
45
The largest of the hemorrhages in terms of size a tumor like mass of lost blood, (Pool of blood such as a gun shot wound) is called a
Hematoma
46
A hemorrhage located yet characterized by a nose bleed, blood coming from the nasal cavity is called an
Epistaxis
47
A hemorrhage located yet characterized by blood brought up in sputum from the respiratory is called a
Hemoptysis
48
A hemorrhage located yet characterized by vomiting of blood. Blood in the vomit from the digestive tract is called a
Hematemesis
49
A hemorrhage located yet characterized by blood in the stool suggestive of digestive problems of the lower g.i is called a
Melena
50
A hemorrhage located yet characterized by blood in the thoracic or pleural cavity is called a
Hemothorax
51
A hemorrhage located yet characterized blood in the abdominal/ peritoneum cavity, a dark red liquid substance can be found during aspiration is called a
Hemo-peritoneum
52
A hemorrhage located yet characterized by a presence of blood in the urine, can be found in urinary tract infection is called
Hematuria
53
A hemorrhage located yet characterized by death due to excess loss of blood, “a patient bleeding out” is called
Exsanguination
54
A hemorrhage located yet characterized by a hereditary disease only found in male offspring, characterized by the lack of or complete absences of clotting factor 8 is
Bleeders disease, hemophilia
55
Postmortem condition that is the further the physical distance from the heart allows for fatty plaque and calcium salt build up, can lead unto ischemia following infarction is known as
Diminished Circulation
56
Postmortem condition that is such as growths on the heart valves inflammatory lesion a localization of pus are known as
Abcesses
57
Postmortem condition that is the loss of blood, depends on the diseases the patient suffers from, can be caused by damaged blood vessels or malignancies is known as
Hemorrhages
58
Postmortem conditions that is the loss of tissue/ loss of moisture, humectants/ moisture retainers can be used to help such conditions is known as
Emaciation/ Dehydration
59
Postmortem conditions that is the gangrenous limb, gangrene results in poor circulation is known as
Rapid Decomposition
60
Postmortem conditions that is the abnormal color changes either within the vascular system (postmortem stain or livor mortis) postmortem extravascular most permanent stain (petechia) is known as
Discolorations

Forensic Path (5 decks)

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