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Forensic Path > Test 5 > Flashcards

Test 5 Flashcards

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1
Q

The following are know as ___

Heredity, obesity, sugar diabetes, elevated cholesterol levels, social factors (smoking, substance abuse, stress, diet)

A

Predisposing Factors

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2
Q

An increase or stretching in heart muscle fibers is known as

A

Dilation

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3
Q

An increase in size of heart cells is known as

A

Hypertrophy

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4
Q

Inflammation of the endo cardium, the innermost layer of the heart that makes up the valves is known as

A

Endocarditis

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5
Q

The most common valvular defects occur where and why

A

The mitrovalve, only heart valve to have two distinct cusps

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6
Q

The valvular defect that is the incompetence/ failure to seat or close properly is known as

A

Insufficiency

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7
Q

The valvular defect that is a narrowing in the size of an opening controlled by valve is

A

Stenosis

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8
Q

The valvular defect that is the collapse of wall of heart cusp is

A

Prolapse

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9
Q

An inflamed heart with common symptoms of chest pain is known as

A

Percarditis

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10
Q

Inflammation of the muscle layer of the heart is known as

A

Myocarditis

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11
Q

The disease in which is caused by Streptococcus pyogenes and ashoff bodies (scar tissue) is

A

Rheumatic Heart Disease

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12
Q

The disease that affects the first and only branches off the ascending aorta forming a crown around the heart in which the heart receives blood from the coronary arteries is known as

A

Coronary Artery Disease

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13
Q

This disease tends to present itself in torturous arteries (have the ability to quickly alter volume of blood flow through it), characterized by the presence or formation of atheroma’s (fatty plaques) is known as

A

Artherosclerosis

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14
Q

The presence of an attaches blood clot in the coronary arteries during life is known as a

A

Thrombosis

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15
Q

The abnormal contraction of the heart muscle, normally the first sign of CAD, all four chambers of the heart are beating at once meaning blood is not moving is known as

A

Spasms/ Fibrillation

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16
Q

A blood clot that detaches is known as a

A

Embolism

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17
Q

Failure of the heart to deliver or ship oxygenated blood throughout the body is known as

A

Cardiac Failure

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18
Q

The type of cardiac failure that can happen short and suddenly is

A

Acute

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19
Q

The type of cardiac failure that long and slowly, also known as Congested Heart Failure, the excess buildup of blood seen in “edema patients” is

A

Chronically (CHF)

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20
Q

The death of heart muscle tissue caused by an interference of blood supply, commonly called a heart attack is known as

A

Myocardial Infarction (MI)

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21
Q

The disease caused by high blood pressure is known as

A

Hypertensive Heart Disease

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22
Q

Someone who is born with a disease of the heart muscle itself is suffering from

A

Cardiomyopathy

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23
Q

The general term used to describe inflammation of the heart is

A

Carditis

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24
Q

Inflammation of the walls of arteries is known as

A

Arteritis

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25
Hardening of the arteries, sclerotic; the shipping of calcium salts to dissolve the fatty plaque essentially shrinking the lumen and losing of elasticity, is a chronic and slowly progressive disease mostly affecting the lower extremities
Arteriosclerosis
26
The presence or formation of atheromas (fatty plaques) earlier stage of hardening of the arteries, seen in tortuous arteries (arteries which can quickly change the volume of blood flow through them) is known as
Atherosclerosis
27
A weakness in the wall of an artery, most common location is above the abdominal aorta, the two forms are saculate and fusiform is known as an
Aneurysm
28
Inflammation of a vein is known as ___ inflammation of a vein cause by the presence of an attached blood clot is known as a ____
Phlebitis, Thrombophlebitis
29
Dilated or encourage superficial veins sometimes causing pain referred to as "spider legs" are known as
Varicose Veins (varices)
30
Reactive changes of sudden temporary increase in the total number of white blood cells (leukocytes) as part of the normal inflammatory response, least numerous (5-9 thousands, however largest variety) are known as
Leukocytes
31
The reactive change that is the decrease in the total number of leukocytes due to disease, method of treatment is to transplant bone marrow that produces the proper number of cells is known as
Leukopenia
32
The absence or lack of blood, a decrease in the total number of red blood cells, hemoglobin (oxygen bearing protein molecule) or both is
Anemia
33
The type of anemia that is the first condition in which the person is diagnosed is
Primary
34
The type of anemia when a patient is already suffering from another condition, is often found in leukemia patients is
Secondary
35
The hemopoietic disorder that is cancer of the blood, causes excess production of improperly functioning white blood cells is known as
Leukemia
36
The hemopoietic disorder that is the excess production of erythrocytes (10-20 million rbc (live about 120days) vs the 4.5-5 million normally present, increase viscosity of blood) is
Polycythemia vera
37
The bleeding disease that has an affinity for blood “bleeders disease”, hereditary only found in male offspring characterized by the absence of the essential factor 8 trait is
Hemophilia
38
The bleeding disease that is a widespread hemorrhage, hemorrhage scattered throughout the body is
Purpura
39
The bleeding disease that is a decrease in the total number of thrombocytes or platelets in a person’s blood due to disease (initially used to trigger the clotting factor) is
Thrombocytopenia
40
Inflammation of the gums is
Gingivitis
41
Inflammation of the pharyngitis, known as a "sore throat" is
Pharyngitis
42
Inflammation of the muscular tube that conveys food from the throat to the stomach, can be seen in bulimia is
Esophagitis
43
Inflammation of the stomach, can be cause by acid reflux, stomach cancer or ulcers is
Gastritis
44
A local area of dead/ necrotic epithelial tissue cause by the action of the enzyme pepcin is known as a
Peptic ulcer
45
Inflammation of the small intestines is
Enteritis
46
Inflammation of the longest division of the large intestine is
Colitis
47
Inflammation of the longest division of the large intestine caused by an ameba is
Amebic Colitis
48
Inflammation of the longest division of the large intestine caused by several localized area of necrotic epithelial is
Ulcerative Colitis
49
Inflammation of the vermiform, the appendix (snake like) is
Appendictis
50
Dilated or engorged veins around the anal canal is
Hemorroids
51
Inflammation of the liver, caused by a virus (visceral trophic) is
Hepatitis
52
End stage of liver disease in which the healthy liver cells are replaced by the surrounding or supporting cells, could be candidate for transplant is known as
Cirrhosis
53
Inflammation of the sac containing bile, the gallbladder is
Cholecystitis
54
The presence or formation of cholelith, gallstones is
Cholelithiasis
55
Inflammation of one or more of the bile ducts is
Cholangitis
56
Inflammation of the pancreas is
Pancreatitis
57
Inflammation of the peritoneum, the largest of the serous membranes that line the organs is known as
Periotonitis
58
The presence of one of more diverticulum, an intestinal hernia, a weak spot in the wall of the patient is known as a
Diverticolitis
59
A narrowing of the circular shaped valve which regulates the stomach is called
Pyloric Stenosis
60
An abnormal protrusion of a body part of organ into an area where it’s not normally found is a
Hernia
61
The type of obstruction when gallstones become stuck is
Bile obstruction
62
The type of obstruction caused by twisting of the intestinal track is a
Volvus
63
The type of obstruction where part of the intestine collapses into another portion is an
Intussuception
64
The type of obstruction in which scar tissue attaches to organs is a
Adhesions
65
The postmortem condition where edema of abdominal cavity causes distention is called
Ascites
66
``` The following are all examples of ___ Dehydration/emaciation Rapid decomposition Rapid coagulation of blood Jaundice (liver, pancreas) Hemorrhage ```
Postmortem Conditions
67
The postmortem condition in which there is evacuation of a body substance from a body orifice, usually from pressure is called
Purge
68
The type of purge that is the evacuation of embalming fluid is
Fluid/ fake Purge
69
The most common type of purge is
Stomach Purge
70
The disease of the respiratory tract which is inflammation of the nasal mucosa is
Rhinitis
71
The disease of the respiratory tract which is inflammation of one of more of the 4 sets of paranasal sinuses is
Sinusitis
72
The disease of the respiratory tract which is inflammation of the throat commonly referred to as a "sore throat" is
Pharyngitis
73
The disease of the respiratory tract which is inflammation of the voice box is
Laryngitis
74
The disease of the respiratory tract which is inflammation of the acute coryzea is
Common Cold
75
The disease of the respiratory tract which is inflammation of the trachea/ wind pipe is
Tracheitis
76
The disease of the respiratory tract which is inflammation of the bronchii is
Bronchitis
77
The disease of the respiratory tract which is an immediate allergic reaction caused by obstruction of air flow in bronchii is
Bronchial asthma
78
The disease of the respiratory tract which is a disease of the lung tissue itself is
Pneumonia
79
The type of pneumonia that affects one or more segments of lobe tissue is
Lobar Pneumonia
80
The type of pneumonia which is disease of the lungs started in the bronchii is
Bronchial Pneumonia
81
The type of pneumonia that is caused by a virus is a
Viral Pneumonia
82
The disease of the respiratory tract that is excess fluid between the visceral and parietal walls of the lung sac is called
Pleurisy
83
The disease of the respiratory tract which is pus in the pleural cavity is
Empyema
84
The disease of the respiratory tract which is a group of lung disease caused by prolonged inhalation of foreign material is
Pneumoconoses
85
The disease of the respiratory tract which causes exogenous pigmentation commonly called coal miners and black lung disease is
Anthracosis
86
The disease of the respiratory tract which is caused by excess exposure to silica, silica sand, ashtray ash and sandblasting is
Silicosis
87
The disease of the respiratory tract which is caused by long exposure to asbestos, roofers disease is
Asbestosis
88
The disease of the respiratory tract which is seen in kids and is the failure on lung tissue to expand at birth an in adults appears as a collapsed lung due to complete bronchial obstruction is
Atelectasis
89
The disease of the respiratory tract which is the rupture of alveoli due to partial/ incomplete bronchial obstruction is
Emphysema
90
Characterized by histoplasmosis, many present themselves in lungs is a genetic/developmental of the lungs is a
Fungal infection
91
The failure of lip (hare lip)/roof of mouth to close or form completely is known as
Cleft lip/ palate
92
The over excretion of an excessively thick mucous is called
Cystic fibrosis
93
The following are referred to as ___ (asphyxia, suffocation, choking)
Airway Obstructions
94
Chronic bronchitis and emphysema is referred to as
COPD (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease)
95
The lack of or absence of oxygen commonly called blue baby is
Cyanosis
96
The loss of tissue seen in TB with a "barrel shaped" chest where humectants or tissue builder maybe used is referred to as
Emaciation
97
Excess tissue fluid, most common type is hydrothorax excess fluid in the pleural cavity, a synonym is called pleural effusion excess fluid in the sac surrounding the lungs, both would give the barrel shaped chest caused by
Edema
98
The loss of blood, by size or location, hemoptysis blood in the sputum most common of the respiratory is caused by
Hemorrhage
99
The formation of cavities or spaces most common of patients with tuberculosis seen in the lungs is called
Cavitation

Forensic Path (5 decks)

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