Test 3

Question 1

a branch of psychology that studies physical, cognitive, and social change throughout the life span.

Answer 1

developmental psychology

Question 2

biological growth process that enables orderly changes in behavior, relatively uninfluenced by experience

Answer 2

maturation

Question 3

fertilized eggs, it enters a 2-week period of rapid cell division and develops into an embryo

Answer 3

zygote

Question 4

fertilized egg, it enters a 2-week period of rapid ell division

Answer 4

zygote

Question 5

the developing human organism from about 2 weeks after fertilization through the second month

Answer 5

embryo

Question 6

the developing human organism from 9 weeks after conception to birth

Answer 6

fetus

Question 7

agents, such as toxins, chemicals, and viruses, that can reach the embryo or fetus during prenatal development and causes harm

Answer 7

teratogens

Question 8

examples of teratogens

Answer 8

toxins, viruses, drugs

Question 9

The effects of drinking on the developing fetus

Answer 9

1/800 develop visible fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS), leaves chemmical marks on DNA that switch genes abnormally on or off

Question 10

Heavy smoking during pregnancy on the unborn baby can effect as?

Answer 10

low birth weight, complications of pregnancy, birth defects, sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS)

Question 11

physical and cognitive abnormalities in children caused by a pregnant woman’s heavy drinking. In severe cases, symptoms include noticeable facial misproportions

Answer 11

Fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS)

Question 12

the orderly sequence of biological growth

Answer 12

maturation

Question 13

a concept or framework that organizes and interprets information

Answer 13

schema

Question 14

interpreting our new experiences in terms of our existing schemas

Answer 14

assimilation

Question 15

adapting our current understandings (schemas) to incorporate new information

Answer 15

accommodation

Question 16

adapting our current understandings to incorporate new information

Answer 16

accommodation

Question 17

the awareness that things continue to exist even when not perceived

Answer 17

object permanence

Question 18

In Piaget’s theory, the preoperational child’s difficulty taking another’s point of view

Answer 18

egocentrism

Question 19

the principle that properties such as mass, volume, and number remain the same despite changes in the forms of objects

Answer 19

conservation

Question 20

experiencing the world through senses and actions

Answer 20

sensorimotor, first stage, birth to 2

Question 21

Representing things with words and images; using intuitive rather than logical reasoning

Answer 21

Preoperational, second stage, 2-7,6

Question 22

Thinking logically about concrete events; grasping concrete analogies and performing arithmetical operations

Answer 22

concrete operational, stage 3, 7-11

Question 23

Abstract reasoning

Answer 23

Formal operational, 12- adult hood

Question 24

sensorimotor

Answer 24

object permanence, stranger anxiety

Question 25

preoperational

Answer 25

pretend play, egocentrism

Question 26

concrete operational

Answer 26

conservation, mathematical transformations

Question 27

formal operational

Answer 27

abstract logic, potential for mature moral reasoning

Question 28

an emotional tie with another person; shown in young children by their seeking closeness to the caregiver and showing distress on separation

Answer 28

attachment

Question 29

the process by which certain animals for attachments during a critical period very early in life

Answer 29

imprinting

Question 30

Body contact

Answer 30

where monkeys chose contact over food.

Question 31

According to Harlow, what is the result of the monkey raised in total isolation

Answer 31

they were attached to a blanket,

Question 32

mothers responsive to childs needs. providing children with a safe haven in times of stress

Answer 32

secure attachment

Question 33

the children are anxious ambivalent and avoidance , and don't like to explore as much

Answer 33

insecure attachments

Question 34

the fear of strangers that infants commonly display, beginning by about 8 months of age

Answer 34

stranger anxiety

Question 35

A mother who is slow in responding to her infant's cries of distress most likely will encourage ____ ____

Answer 35

insecure attachment

Question 36

the transition period from childhood to adulthood, extending from puberty to independence

Answer 36

adolescence

Question 37

sexual characteristics one is born with

Answer 37

primary sex characteristics

Question 38

sexual characteristics that develop after birth at puberty

Answer 38

secondary sex characteristics

Question 39

Describe changes in self-esteem during the early and late adolescent years?

Answer 39

teenagers work at refining a sense of self by testing roles and then integrating them to form a single identity, or they become confused about who they are

Question 40

what do contemporary developmental psychologists believe about the difference in maturation of the frontal lobe versus the limbic system in adolescence?

Answer 40

the limbic system develops quickly (emotions), while the frontal lobe that makes judgments drags behind.

Question 41

Piaget is to cognitive development as Kohlberg is to _____ development

Answer 41

moral

Question 42

Piaget is to _____ development as Kohlberg is to moral development

Answer 42

moral

Question 43

Self-interest; obey rules to avoid punishment or gain concrete rewards

Answer 43

preconventional morality, before age 9, save dying wife, you'll be a hero

Question 44

Uphold laws and rules to gain social approval or maintain social order

Answer 44

conventional morality, early adolescence, if you steal the drug for her, everyone will think you're a criminal

Question 45

Actions reflect belief in basic rights and self-defined ethical principles.

Answer 45

postconventional morality (adolescence and beyond), have the right to live

Question 46

If needs are dependably met, infants develop a sense of basic trust.

Answer 46

infancy, to 1yr

Question 47

learn to exercise their will and do things for themselves, or they doubt their abilities

Answer 47

toddlerhood, autonomy vs. shame and doubt

Question 48

learn to initiate tasks and carry out plans, or they feel guilty about their efforts to independent

Answer 48

preschool. initiative vs. guilt

Question 49

learn the pleasure of applying themselves to tasks, or they feel inferior.

Answer 49

6- puberty, competence vs. inferiority

Question 50

work at refining a sense of self by testing roles and then integrating them to form a single identity, or they become confused about who thye are

Answer 50

teen-20's identity vs. rol confusion

Question 51

struggle to form close relationships and to gain the capacity for intimate love, or they feel socially isolated

Answer 51

young adults, Intimacy vs. isolation

Question 52

people discover a sense of contribution to the world, usually through family and work, or they may feel a lack of purpose

Answer 52

middle adulthood, generativity vs. stagnation

Question 53

reflecting on his or her life, an older adult may feel a sense of satisfaction or failure

Answer 53

late adulthood, integrity vs. despair

Question 54

The parent is demanding and responsive.

Answer 54

authoritarian parenting

Question 55

parents try to be "friends" with their child, and do not play a parental role

Answer 55

permissive parenting

Question 56

is characterized by a child-centered approach that holds high expectations of maturity.

Answer 56

authoritative parenting

Question 57

at what stage or age in life is a person's physical abilities such as muscular strength, reaction time and sensory keenness at its peak

Answer 57

early adult hood

Question 58

what are some common changes in physical ability during middle age

Answer 58

beginning of hearing loss, eyesight loss

Question 59

what is meant by the sandwich genereation

Answer 59

middle adult hood

Question 60

what are some common physical changes in later adulthood

Answer 60

more accidents/car accidents

Question 61

recall goes ____ with age

Answer 61

down

Question 62

recognition goes ____ with age

Answer 62

stays the same

Question 63

how does the speed of information processing change in later adulthood

Answer 63

slower

Question 64

fluid intelligence

Answer 64

learning

Question 65

crystallized intelligence

Answer 65

what you already know

Question 66

what does research say about the relationship between life satisfaction and age

Answer 66

stays the same