Test 4 Flashcards
(98 cards)
the persistence of learning over time through the storage and retrieval of information
memory
a measure of memory in which the person must retrieve information liearned earlier, as on a fill-in-the-blank test
recall
a measure of memory in which the person need only identify items previously learned, as on a multiple-choice test.
recognition
a measure of memory that assesses the amount of time saved when learning material again
relearning
the processing of information into the memory system-for example, by extracting meaning
encoding
the retention of encoded information over time
storage
the process of getting information out of memory storage
retrieval
the immediate, very brief recording of sensory information in the memory system
sensory memory
activated memory that holds a few items briefly, such as seven digits of a phone number while dialing, before the information is stored or forgotten
short-term memory
the relatively permanent and limitless storehouse of the memory system. Includes knowledge, skills, and experiences
long-term memory
a newer understanding of short-term memory that focuses on conscious, active processing of incoming auditory and visual-spatial information, and of information retrieved from long-term memory
working memory
memory of facts and experiences that one can consciously know and “declare”
explicit memory
encoding that requires attention and conscious effort
effortful processing
unconscious encoding of incidental information, such as space, time, and frequency, and of well-learned information, such as word meanings
automatic processing
retention independent of conscious recollection
implicit memory/ nondeclarative memory
While studying, you often encode the place on a page where certain material appears; later, when you want to retrieve information on this page.
space
While going about your day, you unintentionally note the sequence of its events. Later, realizing you’ve left your coat somewhere, the event sequence your brain automatically encoded will enable you to retrace your steps
time
you effortlessly keep track of how many times things happen, as when you suddenly realize, this is the third time I’ve run into her today
frequency
feeds our active working memory, recording momentary images of scenes or echoes of sounds
sensory memory
Flash letters similar to this for one-twentieth of a second. Who flashed the letters
Sperling
a fleeting sensory memory of visual stimuli.
iconic memory
fleeting memory for auditory stimuli
echoic memory
Short term memory test,
miller
a momentary sensory memory of visual stimuli; a photographic or picture-image memory lasting no more than a few tenths of a second
iconic memory
