Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Special Pops > Test 3 > Flashcards

Test 3 Flashcards

(69 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

Contraindications of Spinal cord injuries?

A 
Age
Gender
Neurological hypotension 
Circulatory hypokinesis 
Myocardial atrophy 
Pulmonary dysfunction 
Osteoporosis 
Sarcopenia
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Inflammatory autoimmune disease of the CNS

A

Multiple Sclerosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

MS is characterized by

A

Nerve demyelination

Plaques that turn into scars

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Generic term for various types of non-progressive motor dysfunction present at birth or beginning early in childhood

A

Cerebral Palsy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Group of developmental disorders of movement and posture, causing activity restriction or disability that is attributed to disorders of movement or posture

A

CP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Paralysis of corresponding parts on both sides of the body, usually legs more than arms

A

Diplegia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Paralysis of one side of the body

A

Hemiplegia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Paralysis caused by injury/illness; results in partial or total loss of all four limbs

A

Quadriplegia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Loss of control of bodily functions

A

Ataxia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the #1 cause of mortality in U.S. Adults?

A

CVD

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Loss of blood flow to a region of the brain as a result of CVD, Ischemic stroke, hemorrhagic stroke?

A

Stroke

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Blood clot seals off narrowing artery, account for 87% of strokes?

A

Ischemic strokes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Excessive bleeding in cerebral artery preventing blood flow to brain cells downstream of hemorrhage?

A

Hemorrhagic stroke

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What can stroke damage impair?

A

Voluntary muscle movement, vision, speech, judgement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Main cause of subsequent disability in stroke survivors

A

Brain damage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Do males have more spinal cord injuries than women?

A

Yes, they are 4X more likely

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Primary causes of SCI?

A

Acts of violence
Falls
Sports injury

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Pediatric SCI is congenital, or present atbirth, known as –?

A

Spinabifida

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Types of SCI injury?

A

Primary and secondary injury

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Type of SCI injury that damages the neural tracts, cell bodies, and vascular strictures that supply cord

A

Primary

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Type of SCI that occurs because of hemorrhage and local edema within cord

A

Secondary injury

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Final phase of SCI injury?

A

Formation of fibrous and glial scarring

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What are the SCI Systemic adaptations?

A 
Cardiovascular
Pulmonary 
Thermo regulation 
Bowl and bladder functions 
Hyperflexia 
Autonomic dysrefexia 
Endocrine 
Osteopenia
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What are the cardiovascular adaptations in a SCI injury?

A

Bradycardia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Sudden onset of excessively high BP, it is a type of SCI systemic adaptations
Autonomic dysrefexia
26
SCI signs and symptoms
``` Motor paralysis Sensory loss Spasticity Hypotension Pulmonary dysfunction UTI Constipation Flaccidity ```
27
Special considerations of SCI cardio exercise testing?
Empty bowl/bladder Handgrip and posture stability Skin protection Adjust loads according to impairments
28
ExRx for aerobic SCI patient
F: 3-7 days/wk I: RPE 11-14, 50-85% VO2 Peak, 30-80% HRR (based on person and their progress) T: 20-60 mins (continuous or interval) T: arm/wheelchair ergometer, community wheeling, aquatics, seated aerobics P: slow!! (
29
Resistance ExRx for SCI
F: 2-3 days/wk I: 8-12 reps @ 60-75% 1RM T: time to complete 1-3 sets (30-60 mins) T: elastic bands, free weights, body weight P: increase resistance when 12 reps reached, increase sets as able
30
Special considerations for Aerobic ExRx?
Avoid hypotension Start with 5-10 min bouts Avoid thermal stress Do warm up and cool down
31
Special considerations for all resistance exercise
Use spotter Use seat belt and chest straps for balance Use grips and mitts
32
SCI ExRx for ROM
F: 7 days/wk I: 2 sets @ 30-60 sec/set (gentle slow and painless) T: 5-15 mins T: active assisted (upper body), Passive assist (lower body) P: as tolerated
33
Goals of EXRX FOR ROM in SCI patients?
Prevent contracture and reduce spasticity
34
Spinal cord injuries have a profound effect on exercise as a result of ---- and ---?
Somatic nervous system | Autonomic nervous system
35
How does MS usually come about?
Genetic | Triggered by viral infection (measles)
35
What is the main indicator of MS?
Demyelination of neurons in CNS due to inflammatory autoimmune response
36
What are the different types of MS?
1. Relapsing-remitting 2. Primary progressive 3. Secondary progressive 4. Progressive-relapsing
37
Type of MS that can have a full recovery, this is the most common
Relapsing remitting
38
Type of MS where the disease progressively gets worse and only has temporary, small improvements
Primary progressive
39
Begins as relapsing-remitting, but progresses wither with or without infrequent relapses, plateaus, and remissions
Secondary progressive
40
Progressive from onset with short, definite relapses with or without full recovery
Progressive relapsing
41
Considerations for MS when exercise testing
Attenuated BP and HR responses Impaired thermo regulation Muscle weakness and fatigue
42
Common meds for MS?
Corticosteroids | Immunodepresents
43
ExRx for MS (Aerobic)
F: 3-5 days/wk I: moderate (40-70% VO2R), RPE 11-4 T: 30 mins OR 3 bouts of 10 mins (build up to 60 min) T: cycle ergometer, walking, swimming, treadmill P: careful; based on individual responses to exercise
44
Goals for aerobic ExRx in MS
Increase CV function and ex capacity, increase quality of life, decrease fatigue
45
Resistance ExRx for MS
F: >2 days/wk I: 60-80%1RM, 8-15 Reps,1-2 sets T:30 mins, time to complete exercises, if excessive fatigue then increase rest time by 2-5 mins T: machine weights, bands, stairs, aquatics P: careful, based on abilities
46
FLEXIBILITY ExRx for MS
F: most days of the week I: to the point of tight or mild discomfort T: each stretch held for 30-60 seconds, 2-4 reps T: slow, gentle stretching P: gradual, w/o bouncing
47
Balance ExRx for MS
F: >2 days/ wk I: 2 sets of 10-15 reps on each side of body T: dependent on exercise T: Standing on one foot, walking heel to toe, balance walk P: exercise performance on hard/stable surface
48
75% of all CP cases are a result of ---?
Prenatal events
49
Most common risk factors of CP?
Premature birth and low birth weight
50
Most important part of cardio exercise testing in CP patients
Mode; leg, arm, wheelchair ergometer
51
What does ACSM recommend to test muscular strength and endurance in those with CP?
8RM OR 25RM
52
Treatment for CP
``` Nonpharmacologic - neuromuscular electrical stimulation Pharmacological -focus on seizure control Surgical -muscle lengthening ```
53
ExRx aerobic for CP
F: 3-5 days/wk I: 40-50%HRR T: 2-3 10 min sessions, with rest periods of 3-10 mins T: non-weight bearing, swimming, cycles P: slow progression in duration and intensity
54
Resistance ExRx for CP
F: 2 days/wk I: to fatigue T: 3 sets, 8-12 reps T: free weights, resistance bands
55
Goal of cardio training in CP patients
Prevent secondary conditions and delay functional decline
56
Goals of resistance training in CP
Slow or reverse muscle weakness and increase ability to stand longer and preform ADLS
57
Leading cause of death and disability
Stroke
58
3rd leading cause of death in the US
Stroke
59
Bleeding inside the brain
Hemodynamic
60
Bleeding in and around the brain
Subarachnoid
61
Type of anticoagulant (prevents clotting of blood), stroke victims take this
Warfarin
62
Type of anti platelet that stroke patients take
Aspirin
63
This decreases rest BP and ex BP, a type of medicine that ends in -Pril
ACE Inhibitor
64
Average functional capacity for stroke patients?
14 ml/kg/min
65
Stroke-Aerobic ExRx
``` F:3-5 days I:40-80% HRR T: 15-30 mins T: floor and treadmill walking, nu-step P: low to high intensity, HR should stop based on RPE ```
66
Stroke ExRx- resistance
F: 3-5 days I: as tolerated, end with 80%1RM T: 30-45 mins T: elastic bands, body weight, sand bags P: slow/conservative, but mainly as tolerated by patient
67
Flexibility ExRx for stroke
F: 3-5 days/wk I: below point of discomfort T: 10-20 mins T: passive movement, PNG
68
Goals of Resistance, Flexibility, and Cardio for stroke victims
A: increase functional capacity to above 20ml/kg/min F: maintain ROM R: improve gait related parameters and ADLS

Special Pops (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions