Motivation depends on - how much we want something - how likely we are to get it

Test 3 Flashcards by Elisha Jahnke

Individual performance depends on what?.

Motivation
Ability
Work environment

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The motivation framework

Deficiency 
Look to satisfy
Choose option to satisfy
Evaluation
Determine outcome

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Two historical perspectives?

Traditional: money is the ultimate motivation

Human relations: motivation comes from feeling needed

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What is in the Content perspective?

1) needs hierarchy
2) ERG theory
3) two factor theory

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ERG theory

Existence (phycological/ security)
Relatedness ( belonging/ esteem) 
Growth needs ( esteem/actualization)

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Two factor theory

Motivation (work content)

Hygiene (work environment) dissatisfaction

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What motivates people?

Achievement
Affiliation
Power

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Content perspective

What causes motivation

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Process perspective

How motivation occurs

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Define process perspective

Focuses on why people choose behavior to fulfill their needs

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Expectancy theory?

Motivation depends on

how much we want something
how likely we are to get it

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Valence

Index of how much an individual desires an outcome

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Porter lawler extension define?

Performance leads to satisfaction from rewards given for high performance

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Equity theory?

People compare the rewards they get to others

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Original goal setting theory?

Goal difficulty

Goal specificity

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Expanded goal setting theory

Goal acceptance

Goal commitment

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What are different reinforcements according to the theory?

Positive
Avoidance
Punishment
Extinction

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Reinforcement schedules?

Time
-fixed interval
- variable interval 
Frequency 
- fixed ratio
-variable ratio

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Motivational strategies

Empowerment( telling workers to set their own goals)

Participation ( giving employees a voice)

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Different types of scheduling?

Compressed( 40 plus hours in less than 5 days)
Flextime
Job sharing
Telecommuting

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Different types of rewards?

Individual merit
Individual incentives
Group incentives

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Gainsharing VS. Scanlon plan

Employees and managers share gains VS. Employees get gains

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New approaches to rewards

Employees have more say in how rewards are allocated

Reward customization

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Leadership: process

Use of non physical influence to shape goals and motivate behavior

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Leadership as a property

Set of characteristics attributed to "leaders"

Types of power

``` Legitimate Coercive Expert Referent Reward ```

Coercive power

Force compliance by using threats

Referent power

Personal power someone gets from loyalty

Michigan studies

Talks about leader behavior - job centered behavior - employee centered behavior

Ohio state studies

``` Initiating structure( job worker relationship) Consideration ( all equal relationship) ``` Two lines

What is the leadership grid used for?

Provides a mean for evaluating leadership styles and then training managers to move toward an ideal style of behavior

Path goal theory

Leaders should make rewards available and clarify to the workers how to get the rewards

Leader behaviors?

Directive Supportive Participative Achievement oriented

What're the situational approaches to leadership

LPC theory Path-goal theory vroom's decision tree

Substitutes for leadership

Situations where leader behaviors are replaced by the subordinates (ex: an injured patient the nurse acts right away)

Charismatic leadership

Needs to be able to - envision the future - energize others - support others

Transformational leadership

Leader that goes beyond ordinary expectations and inspiring new ways of thinking

Concerning leaders, what is BECC

Believe Encourage Challenge Correct

New approaches to leadership

Strategic Cross cultural Ethical

Political behavior

Activities carried out for the purpose of using power to obtain a preferred outcome

Common political behaviors are

``` Inducement Obligation Impression management Coercion Persuasion ```

Vital management activities involves

Interpersonal relations Communication Group processes

Outcomes of interpersonal behavior

Satisfaction Social support Synergy Conflict

Communication process

``` Sender Meaning Encode Receiver Decode Meaning Encode ```

Interpersonal communication consists of what forms

Oral | Written

Communication network define

``` Pattern through which a team communicates Wheel Y Chain Circle All channel ```

Two forms of organizational communication?

Vertical | Horizontal

Types of informal communication

Grapevine Management by wandering Nonverbal communication

Grapevine communication

Gossip chain | Cluster chain

Nonverbal communication consists of?

Images (different meaning than the words say) Setting Body language

LPC theory

Leadership varies with situational favorableness

Leader behaviors according to the path goal

Directive Supportive Participative Achievement oriented

Brooms decision tree approach

Different situations call for different group participation

Strategic leadership

A leader who understands the complexities of the organization and its environment

Social identity theory

Group people and treat them differently

Signaling theory

Explains effective and ineffective communication

What're the different types of groups?

Functional Interest Task

What're the different team types?

``` Problem solving Management Work Virtual Quality circle ```

What're the stages of group development

Forming Storming Norming Performing

Characteristics of groups

Role structures Behavioral norms Cohesiveness Leadership

Different kinds of roles?

``` Task specialist (focused on work) Socioemotional (focused on people) ```

Development of a role

Expected role Sent role Perceived role Enacted role

Disruptions in roles?

Ambiguity | Conflict overload

Different types of role conflict?

Interrole Intrarole Intrasender Person role

Sources of norm conformity

Group pressure Individual traits External stimulus Situational factors

Different types of conflicts

Interpersonal Intergroup Conflict between an organization

Approaches to negotiations

Physiological Contextual Mathematical Behavioral

Test 3 Flashcards

(67 cards)