TEST 3

Question 1

ANimals share what 4 characters?

Answer 1

1. multicellular eukaryotes
2. heterotrophic
3. collagen support
4. Hox genes

Question 2

How do diploblastic and triploblastic differ?

Answer 2

diplo contains only 2 germ layers (no mesoderm) while triplo contains 3 germ layers

Question 3

Porifera lack true tissue T or F?

Answer 3

True

Question 4

what does the ectoderm do/turn into

Answer 4

covers outermost layer, turns into the Nervous system/epidermis

Question 5

what does the endoderm do/turn into

Answer 5

innermost layer, gives rise to the digestive tract

Question 6

what does the mesoderm do/turn into

Answer 6

middle layer, gives rise to muscle layer

Question 7

What are 3 functions of coeloms?

Answer 7

1. cushions internal organs (protects)
2. allows a structure for muscles to work
3. enables internal organs to grow and move ind.

Question 8

Eumetazoa is characterized by what?

Answer 8

True tissue

Question 9

What is unique to Cnidaria

Answer 9

Stinging structures, nematocytes/cnidocytes

Question 10

What phyla are under bilatera?

Answer 10

platyhelminthes, Mollusca, Annelida, nematoda, Anthropoda, echinodermata, chordata

Question 11

what phyla are ecdysoza?

Answer 11

nematoda, anthropoda

Question 12

What are examlpes of platyhelminthes?

Answer 12

flatworms

Question 13

how are mollusca and annelida different?

Answer 13

Mollusca have a soft unsegmented body while annelida has a segmented body (segmented worms)

Question 14

what is ecdyis?

Answer 14

molting of outer cuticle

Question 15

what is Anthropoda defined by?

Answer 15

jointed appendages

Question 16

what phyla(s) are diploblastic

Answer 16

cnidaria

Question 17

what is a lophophore?

and where is it found

Answer 17

fan like feeding structure

found in lophotrochozoa

Question 18

what is a trochozoa?

Answer 18

found in mollusca and annelida

is a ciliated larvae

Question 19

what are 4 synapomorphies of chordata?

Answer 19

Notochord
dorsal, hollow nerve cord
Pharyngeal slits
post anal tail

Question 20

which snap of chordata turnd into the Nervous system

Answer 20

the Dorsal, hollow nerve cord

Question 21

what are the 2 subphyla of Chordata that are not vertebrates

Answer 21

Cephalochordata

urochordata

Question 22

what is an example of cephalochordata?

Answer 22

lancelets

Question 23

what is an example of urochordata

Answer 23

tunicates (sea squirts)

Question 24

Urochordata have _____ larvae and ____ adults

Answer 24

motile, sessile

Question 25

What is Agnatha

Answer 25

Jawless fish (hagfish and lampreys)

Question 26

what are Gnathostomes

Answer 26

vertebrates with jaws

Question 27

what phyla has radial symmetry

Answer 27

cnidaria

Question 28

how do protostomes develop

Answer 28

spiral cleavage/mesoderm splits/Mouth develops first

Question 29

how do dueterostomes develop

Answer 29

radial cleavage/folds of archenteron/Anus develops first

Question 30

what pyhla are protostomes?

Answer 30

platyhelminthes, annelida, mollusca, anthropoda, nematoda

Question 31

what type of genes determine body plan in animals

Answer 31

hox genes

Question 32

how does the water vascular system in echinodermata work?

Answer 32

network of canals branch in extensions called feet that function in locomotion

Question 33

What is the notochord?

Answer 33

``` flexible rod (kinda like a vertabrae) provides skeletal support ```

Question 34

what does the dorsal hollow nerve cord do

Answer 34

develops from ectoderm/develops into CNS

Question 35

defining characters of chondricthes

Answer 35

cartilage skeleton and oily liver

Question 36

how do actinopterygii and sarcopterygii differ?

Answer 36

act. doesnt have bones in the fins, just the fins are supported by ray bones

Question 37

what is a tetrapod

Answer 37

4 feet

Question 38

why is the amniotic egg important for terrestrial animals

Answer 38

it allowed animals to lay eggs on land instead of water, also allowing animals to become less dependent on water habitats

Question 39

what is the main derived trait of tetra pods

Answer 39

lobe fins (have bones in them)

Question 40

what is the relationship between kertinzed scales and feather?

Answer 40

feathers came from scales

Question 41

what role did feathers play in ancestral birds (that didnt fly at first)

Answer 41

1. insulation 2. camouflouge 3. courtship display

Question 42

what is a synap of both animals and choanoflagellates

Answer 42

collagen protein, heterotrophic

Question 43

Sea urchins fall under what phyla?

Answer 43

echinodermata

Question 44

Sea urchins fall under what phyla?

Answer 44

echinodermata

Question 45

do hagfish and lampreys possess a backbone?

Answer 45

No

Question 46

what are atlest 4 derived characters of vertebrates

Answer 46

1. 2 sets of hox genes 2. skull, brain, eyes, sensory organs 3. closed circulatory system 4. vertebral colum protects nerve chord 5. new genes associated with N.S./skeleton 6. more efficient gas exchange

Question 47

how do fish gain buoyancy compared to sharks>

Answer 47

sharks have a oily liver (very large) | fish have a swim bladder

Question 48

what are derived characters of tetrapods

Answer 48

4 feet with digits | head seperated from body by the neck

Question 49

Amphibians usually live first in water and then on land Tor F?

Answer 49

True

Question 50

Do amniotes contain reptiles?

Answer 50

yes

Question 51

how do amphibians reproduce

Answer 51

external fert

Question 52

Mammals are amniotes that have ____ and produce ____

Answer 52

hair, milk

Question 53

what are thw 3 major lineages of mammals

Answer 53

monotremes, marsupials, eutherions

Question 54

Amniotes include what two phyla

Answer 54

mammals and reptiles

Question 55

birds and crocodillians are what?

Answer 55

sister taxa

Question 56

what are bird synaps

Answer 56

feathers, endothermic, 4 chambered heart, flight adaps