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ECED 201- Test 1 > test 4 > Flashcards

test 4 Flashcards

1
Q

helps a child shift from the dependency of infancy to the independence of later childhood

A

Transitional Object

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2
Q

physical skills that involve small muscles and eye-hand coordination

A

fine motor skills

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3
Q

the preference for using one particular hand

A

handedness

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4
Q

the condition where the basic needs of a child such as food or safety are not being met

A

physical neglect

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5
Q

an action taken to endanger a child involving potential injury to the body

A

physical abuse

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6
Q

the failure to meet a child’s basic bodily needs (food, clothing, medical care, protection, supervision)

A

neglect

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7
Q

the failure to give a child emotional support, love and affection

A

emotional neglect

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8
Q

frightening dreams

A

nightmares

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9
Q

repeated urination in clothing or bed

A

enuresis

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10
Q

waking up from a deep sleep with no recall after

A

night terrors

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11
Q

Piaget’s stage from 2-7 years old

A

pre-operational

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12
Q

the tendency to attribute life to objects that are not living

A

animism

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13
Q

the process where a child absorbs the meaning of a new word after hearing it once or twice

A

fast mapping

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14
Q

talking aloud to oneself with no intent to communicate with others

A

private speech

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15
Q

the ability to use mental representations (words) to which a child has attached meaning

A

symbolic function

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16
Q

leads the child to focus on one aspect of a situation and neglect others, leading to illogical conclusions

A

centration

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17
Q

the awareness that two objects are equal according to a certain measure remain equal in the face of perceptual alteration (two are the same, just organized differently)

A

conservation

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18
Q

a limitation of preoperational thinking, consisting of failure to understand that an operation can go in two or more directions

A

irreversibility

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19
Q

long-term memory of specific experiences or events

A

episodic memory

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20
Q

the image a person has about their self

A

self-image

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21
Q

Erikson’s 3rd crisis, where children must balance the urge to pursue goals, but the possibility they might not be successful

A

initiative vs. guilt

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22
Q

parenting style which emphasizes control and obedience

A

authoritarian

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23
Q

parenting style that emphasizes self-expression and self-regulation

A

permissive

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24
Q

parenting that blends respect for a child’s individuality with an effort to instill social values

A

authoritative

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25
Q

behavior to help others without external reward

A

altruism

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26
Q

used as an instrument in achieving a goal

A

instrumental aggression

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27
Q

behavior intended to hurt another person

A

hostile aggression

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28
Q

a form of coercive parenting in which physical force is used in an attempt or control the child’s behavior

A

corporal punishment

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29
Q

the behaviors, interests, attitudes, skills, and traits that a culture considers appropriate for males or females

A

gender roles

30
Q

The component of working memory that plans and controls its various subsystems is called the

A

central executive.

31
Q

repeating something over and over again to remember it later

A

phonological loop

32
Q

visual map or area in ones mind that helps them remember locations or directions

A

visuospatial sketchpad

33
Q

combining information to make it easier to remember

A

chunking

34
Q

A single general ability that influences all areas of intellectual functioning is called the…

A

g-factor

35
Q

a complex set of abilities made up of several distinct but related domains.

A

intelligence

36
Q

The ability to appreciate and discriminate musical forms (a musical enthusiast, music critic) and to transform and perform music (a musician, composer).

A

musical intelligence

37
Q

The capacity to orient oneself within space (guide, hunter, taxi driver) and the ability to manipulate mentally spatial perceptions (architect, chemist, artist).

A

spatial intelligence

38
Q

The capacity to recognize and classify elements in nature and to appreciate cultural artifacts (teacher, lobbyist, park ranger).

A

naturalist intelligence

39
Q

The ability to understand oneself and one one’s own strengths, weaknesses, and needs (planner, small business owner, religious leader, writer).

A

intrapersonal intelligence

40
Q

The capacity to use language well; can include both speaking (storytellers or politicians) and writing (authors, poets and so on).

A

linguistic intelligence

41
Q

The capacity to reason well (scientist, engineer), and to use numbers to solve problems (accountant, mathematician).

A

logical-mathematical intelligence

42
Q

The ability to recognize and deal with moods, feelings, and intentions in other people (counselor, social worker).

A

interpersonal inteliigence

43
Q

The ability to appreciate/tackle deep philosophical questions about, for example, what is right and wrong, why do things exist, what gives rise to consciousness (scientist, theologian, philosophy professor).

A

existential intelligence

44
Q

American psychologist Robert Sternberg proposed that intelligence is a measure of

A

how you perform in the world every day.

45
Q

the first step in critical thinking…

A

analyzing the facts

46
Q

is the ability to recognize when you do or don’t know something.

A

metacognition

47
Q

at what age does thumb sucking become a problem?

A

after age four

48
Q

leading cause of death in childhood

A

car accidents

49
Q

During the ages of 3 to 6, children’s growth…

A

slows compared to infancy and early childhood

50
Q

The most rapid brain growth from ages 3 to 6 is in the…

A

frontal lobes

51
Q

enuresis is a….

A

genetic condition

52
Q

left-handedness is more common in…

A

boys

53
Q

when children reflect on things that are not physically present

A

symbolic function

54
Q

awareness of a child’s own thought processes

A

Theory of Mind

55
Q

when does autobiographical memory begin?

A

3 or 4

56
Q

First legislation to protect children….

A

Head Start (1965)

57
Q

Designed to locate and evaluate children at-risk and their families

A

Early and Periodic Screening, Diagnosis, and Treatment Program (EPSDT) (1967)

58
Q

Established federal requirements and funding for U.S. public schools

A

Elementary and Secondary Education Act (ESEA) (1965)

59
Q

provides food vouchers, nutrition education, and medical supervision

A

(WIC) (1975)

60
Q

mandates early intervention (identification, services) for children 3–5 years

A

The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA)

61
Q

guarantees children the right to full inclusion and protects against discrimination

A

Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) (1990)

62
Q

provides rights and services to children and youth experiencing homelessness

A

The McKinney-Vento Act (1987)

63
Q

Improve educational opportunities and academic success rates for all children, hold schools accountable

A

No Child Left Behind (2002)

64
Q

establish clear, consistent guidelines for what every student should know and be able to do in math and English language arts from kindergarten through 12th grade.

A

Common Core Standards (2009)

65
Q

prohibits sex discrimination in any federally-funded education program or activity

A

Title IX

66
Q

1960s timeline

A

Head Start, special screening, ESEA, Title ix, Farms

67
Q

1970s timeline

A

Head Start (with disabled kids, WIC, early interventions

68
Q

1980s timeline

A

Mc-Kinney Vento Act, Early Head Start (birth-3)

69
Q

1990s timeline

A

IDEA, ADA

70
Q

2000s timeline

A

Common Core, Parcc, Anti-bullying

ECED 201- Test 1 (3 decks)

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