test 4

Question 1

helps a child shift from the dependency of infancy to the independence of later childhood

Answer 1

Transitional Object

Question 2

physical skills that involve small muscles and eye-hand coordination

Answer 2

fine motor skills

Question 3

the preference for using one particular hand

Answer 3

handedness

Question 4

the condition where the basic needs of a child such as food or safety are not being met

Answer 4

physical neglect

Question 5

an action taken to endanger a child involving potential injury to the body

Answer 5

physical abuse

Question 6

the failure to meet a child’s basic bodily needs (food, clothing, medical care, protection, supervision)

Answer 6

neglect

Question 7

the failure to give a child emotional support, love and affection

Answer 7

emotional neglect

Question 8

frightening dreams

Answer 8

nightmares

Question 9

repeated urination in clothing or bed

Answer 9

enuresis

Question 10

waking up from a deep sleep with no recall after

Answer 10

night terrors

Question 11

Piaget’s stage from 2-7 years old

Answer 11

pre-operational

Question 12

the tendency to attribute life to objects that are not living

Answer 12

animism

Question 13

the process where a child absorbs the meaning of a new word after hearing it once or twice

Answer 13

fast mapping

Question 14

talking aloud to oneself with no intent to communicate with others

Answer 14

private speech

Question 15

the ability to use mental representations (words) to which a child has attached meaning

Answer 15

symbolic function

Question 16

leads the child to focus on one aspect of a situation and neglect others, leading to illogical conclusions

Answer 16

centration

Question 17

the awareness that two objects are equal according to a certain measure remain equal in the face of perceptual alteration (two are the same, just organized differently)

Answer 17

conservation

Question 18

a limitation of preoperational thinking, consisting of failure to understand that an operation can go in two or more directions

Answer 18

irreversibility

Question 19

long-term memory of specific experiences or events

Answer 19

episodic memory

Question 20

the image a person has about their self

Answer 20

self-image

Question 21

Erikson’s 3rd crisis, where children must balance the urge to pursue goals, but the possibility they might not be successful

Answer 21

initiative vs. guilt

Question 22

parenting style which emphasizes control and obedience

Answer 22

authoritarian

Question 23

parenting style that emphasizes self-expression and self-regulation

Answer 23

permissive

Question 24

parenting that blends respect for a child’s individuality with an effort to instill social values

Answer 24

authoritative

Question 25

behavior to help others without external reward

Answer 25

altruism

Question 26

used as an instrument in achieving a goal

Answer 26

instrumental aggression

Question 27

behavior intended to hurt another person

Answer 27

hostile aggression

Question 28

a form of coercive parenting in which physical force is used in an attempt or control the child's behavior

Answer 28

corporal punishment

Question 29

the behaviors, interests, attitudes, skills, and traits that a culture considers appropriate for males or females

Answer 29

gender roles

Question 30

The component of working memory that plans and controls its various subsystems is called the

Answer 30

central executive.

Question 31

repeating something over and over again to remember it later

Answer 31

phonological loop

Question 32

visual map or area in ones mind that helps them remember locations or directions

Answer 32

visuospatial sketchpad

Question 33

combining information to make it easier to remember

Answer 33

chunking

Question 34

A single general ability that influences all areas of intellectual functioning is called the...

Answer 34

g-factor

Question 35

a complex set of abilities made up of several distinct but related domains.

Answer 35

intelligence

Question 36

The ability to appreciate and discriminate musical forms (a musical enthusiast, music critic) and to transform and perform music (a musician, composer).

Answer 36

musical intelligence

Question 37

The capacity to orient oneself within space (guide, hunter, taxi driver) and the ability to manipulate mentally spatial perceptions (architect, chemist, artist).

Answer 37

spatial intelligence

Question 38

The capacity to recognize and classify elements in nature and to appreciate cultural artifacts (teacher, lobbyist, park ranger).

Answer 38

naturalist intelligence

Question 39

The ability to understand oneself and one one’s own strengths, weaknesses, and needs (planner, small business owner, religious leader, writer).

Answer 39

intrapersonal intelligence

Question 40

The capacity to use language well; can include both speaking (storytellers or politicians) and writing (authors, poets and so on).

Answer 40

linguistic intelligence

Question 41

The capacity to reason well (scientist, engineer), and to use numbers to solve problems (accountant, mathematician).

Answer 41

logical-mathematical intelligence

Question 42

The ability to recognize and deal with moods, feelings, and intentions in other people (counselor, social worker).

Answer 42

interpersonal inteliigence

Question 43

The ability to appreciate/tackle deep philosophical questions about, for example, what is right and wrong, why do things exist, what gives rise to consciousness (scientist, theologian, philosophy professor).

Answer 43

existential intelligence

Question 44

American psychologist Robert Sternberg proposed that intelligence is a measure of

Answer 44

how you perform in the world every day.

Question 45

the first step in critical thinking...

Answer 45

analyzing the facts

Question 46

is the ability to recognize when you do or don’t know something.

Answer 46

metacognition

Question 47

at what age does thumb sucking become a problem?

Answer 47

after age four

Question 48

leading cause of death in childhood

Answer 48

car accidents

Question 49

During the ages of 3 to 6, children's growth...

Answer 49

slows compared to infancy and early childhood

Question 50

The most rapid brain growth from ages 3 to 6 is in the...

Answer 50

frontal lobes

Question 51

enuresis is a....

Answer 51

genetic condition

Question 52

left-handedness is more common in...

Answer 52

boys

Question 53

when children reflect on things that are not physically present

Answer 53

symbolic function

Question 54

awareness of a child's own thought processes

Answer 54

Theory of Mind

Question 55

when does autobiographical memory begin?

Answer 55

3 or 4

Question 56

First legislation to protect children....

Answer 56

Head Start (1965)

Question 57

Designed to locate and evaluate children at-risk and their families

Answer 57

Early and Periodic Screening, Diagnosis, and Treatment Program (EPSDT) (1967)

Question 58

Established federal requirements and funding for U.S. public schools

Answer 58

Elementary and Secondary Education Act (ESEA) (1965)

Question 59

provides food vouchers, nutrition education, and medical supervision

Answer 59

(WIC) (1975)

Question 60

mandates early intervention (identification, services) for children 3–5 years

Answer 60

The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA)

Question 61

guarantees children the right to full inclusion and protects against discrimination

Answer 61

Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) (1990)

Question 62

provides rights and services to children and youth experiencing homelessness

Answer 62

The McKinney-Vento Act (1987)

Question 63

Improve educational opportunities and academic success rates for all children, hold schools accountable

Answer 63

No Child Left Behind (2002)

Question 64

establish clear, consistent guidelines for what every student should know and be able to do in math and English language arts from kindergarten through 12th grade.

Answer 64

Common Core Standards (2009)

Question 65

prohibits sex discrimination in any federally-funded education program or activity

Answer 65

Title IX

Question 66

1960s timeline

Answer 66

Head Start, special screening, ESEA, Title ix, Farms

Question 67

1970s timeline

Answer 67

Head Start (with disabled kids, WIC, early interventions

Question 68

1980s timeline

Answer 68

Mc-Kinney Vento Act, Early Head Start (birth-3)

Question 69

1990s timeline

Answer 69

IDEA, ADA

Question 70

2000s timeline

Answer 70

Common Core, Parcc, Anti-bullying