Test 4

Question 1

Stereotype threat

Answer 1

Awareness of negative stereotypes can lead to impaired performance

Question 2

Intelligence quotient (iq)

Answer 2

Mental age / chronological age X 100

Question 3

Meritocracy

Answer 3

Idea that wealth, power, etc. Should solely depend on how hard you work

Question 4

Incremental theory

Answer 4

Belief that a persons intellegance can be improved with experience and effort

Question 5

Entity theory

Answer 5

Belief that intelligence is a stable trait that is nearly impossible to improve (false)

Question 6

Weschler adults intelligence scale (WAIS)

Answer 6

Full scale IQ test
General ability index (GAI)
Verbal comprehension and perceptual reasoning tasks
Cognitive proficiency index (CPI)
Working memory capacity and processing speed

Question 7

Fluid intelligence

Answer 7

The ease by which we learn new things & find solutions to unfirmiliar problems

Question 8

Crystallized intelligence

Answer 8

Ability to use past experience & knowledge to complete a task

Question 9

ROBERT sternberg

Answer 9

Triarch theory of intelligence:
•book smarts (analytic)
• street smarts (practical)
• creativity

Question 10

Howard Gardner

Answer 10

Challenged notion of intelligence being a general ability

Question 11

Social development

Answer 11

Learning to conform to social norms, learned naturally if brought up in supportive environment

Question 12

Goodness of fit

Answer 12

Refers to match between parenting style and child temperment

Question 13

Developmental psychology

Answer 13

Study of physical and psychological changes that occur in different stages of life

Question 14

Cross sectional design

Answer 14

Measures grouped of people at same time but different ages

Cohort effect: people of different ages developed in different time periods

Question 15

Longitudinal design

Answer 15

Measures same group of people at different times

Very time consuming & risk of people dropping out of study (attrition)

Question 16

Developmental stages

Answer 16

Changes proceed through patterns of stability followed by periods of more rapid transmission called “sensitive periods”

Question 17

Conception has what 2 parts?

Answer 17

Sperm

Ovum

Question 18

Germination stage:

Answer 18

Zygote
Inner cluster of cells forming embryo
Outer ring of cells forming placenta

Question 19

Embryonic state

Answer 19

2-8 weeks

Question 20

Fetal stage

Answer 20

8 weeks- birth

Question 21

Maternal malnourishment

Answer 21

Pregnant women doesn’t eat enough, increased risk of giving birth to lower weight babies more prone to illness & deficits in mental function

Question 22

Teratogens

Answer 22

Substances that negatively affect process of development in uterine

Question 23

Thalidomide

Answer 23

Caused severe birth defects including blindness, deafness, and limb deformities

Question 24

Preterm infants

Answer 24

50% survival rate of babies born at 25 weeks & may have deformities

Question 25

Synaptogenesis

Answer 25

Creation of neural connections

Question 26

Synaptic pruning

Answer 26

Neural pathways you don’t use go away

Question 27

Moro reflex

Answer 27

Baby acts startled when it’s head isn’t supported

Question 28

Rooting reflex

Answer 28

Baby starts sucking

Question 29

Assimilation

Answer 29

Acquiring new knowledge and relating it to something we already knew

Question 30

Acomidation

Answer 30

Learning by adjusting old knowledge in the face of new info

Question 31

Piaget’s stages of cognitive development

Answer 31

The sensory stage (0-2) Preoperational stage (2-7) Concrete operational stage (7-11) Formal operational stage (11-adult)

Question 32

Sensory stage

Answer 32

All of child’s awareness is tied to their sensory experience

Question 33

Object permence

Answer 33

An awareness that an object still exists when you can’t see it

Question 34

Preoperational stage (2-7)

Answer 34

Language acquisition, being able to think in symbolic ways such as numbers, increased imagination

Question 35

Concrete operational stage (7-11)

Answer 35

Start to think logically, can mentally perform with numbers, learn to classify objects

Question 36

Formal operational stage (11-adult)

Answer 36

Increased reasoning & ability to think of abstract things

Question 37

Attachment

Answer 37

The emotional connection you develop or fail to develop with care giver

Question 38

Stranger anxiety

Answer 38

Young children’s discomfort with strangers

Question 39

Secure attachment pattern

Answer 39

Child is MILDLY distressed when mother leaves it alone with stranger. Child keeps distance from stranger When parent returns kid because happy again

Question 40

Insecure attachment

Answer 40

Child clings tightly to parent before they leave Child very upset when alone with stranger When parent returns they rush for comfort but push parent away

Question 41

Avoidant attachment

Answer 41

Child not close with care giver Doesn’t care when alone with stranger Ignores care giver upon return

Question 42

Disorganized attachment

Answer 42

Can’t decide to seek comfort or avoid care giver

Question 43

Egocentrism

Answer 43

Lacking capacity to understand other people have other perspectives then them

Question 44

Theory of mind

Answer 44

Capacity to understand others have their own thoughts and opinions

Question 45

Instrumental helping

Answer 45

By age 1 children will help others to complete a task

Question 46

Empathetic helping

Answer 46

By age 2 children will act to help someone in distress feel better

Question 47

2 systems underlying pro social behaviour

Answer 47

1. Attachment behavioural system: system for achieving personal comfort from others 2. Caregiver behavioural system: comforts others - can only be active if attachment behavioural system is satisfied