Test 4

Question 1

The period between early childhood and early adolescence, approximately from ages 6 to 11.

Answer 1

middle childhood

Question 2

-immunizations, less lethal accidents and fatal illnesses are related too?

Answer 2

lower death rates

Question 3

-better diagnostic and preventive medical care, less secondhand smoke, better health habits, specialized programs, improved oral health are examples of?

Answer 3

fewer chronic conditions

Question 4

-average child gains about 2 inches and 5 pounds per year
-benefits of physical activity can last a lifetime
These are examples of what?

Answer 4

slow and steady growth

Question 5

-Advances in physical, emotional, and mental health
-Academic achievement improvement
-Better cerebral blood flow and more neurotransmitters
-Better mood and energy
-Embodied cognition aided
These are examples of what?

Answer 5

the benefits of physical activity can last a lifetime

Question 6

-sports not always beneficial
-traumatic brain injury
These are the concerns of _____________?

Answer 6

physical activity

Question 7

Where can children benefit from exercise?

Answer 7

neighborhoods, schools, and sport leagues

Question 8

-finding play places may be difficult
-modern life challenges neighborhood play
-economic barriers limit league and club participation
-time for school PE and recess is reduced in many schools
This is a problem with?

Answer 8

difficulties with exercise

Question 9

many 6-11 year olds eat______, exercise ________, and become ______ or obese as a result

Answer 9

too much, too little, overweight

Question 10

childhood obesity is ___________ worldwide, having more than ________ since 1980 in all 3 North American nations

Answer 10

increasing, doubled

Question 11

excessive weight contributes to ___________, self-esteem _______, and loneliness

Answer 11

future health risk increases, decreases, failures

Question 12

a measure of body weight relative to height

Answer 12

Body Mass Index (BMI)

Question 13

in a child, having a BMI above the 85th percentile

Answer 13

childhood overweight

Question 14

in a child, having a BMI above the 95th percentile

Answer 14

childhood obesity

Question 15

-genetic influences
-parenting practices
These factors contribute what?

Answer 15

obesity

Question 16

dozen of genes affect weight by influencing activity level, hunger, food preference, body type, and metabolism

Answer 16

genetic influences of obesity

Question 17

-infants: no breast feeding and solid foods before 4 months
-preschoolers: bedroom TV watching and soda consumption
-school age: insufficient sleep, extensive screen time, little active play
These are all?

Answer 17

parenting practices

Question 18

mothers try to keep newborns so clean that immune system doesn’t develop like it should

Answer 18

hygiene hypothesis

Question 19

-drive for independence from parents expands the social world
-self-concept
This is all_____________

Answer 19

nature of the child

Question 20

ideas about self that include intelligence, personality, abilities, gender and ethnic background

Answer 20

self-concept

Question 21

The tendency to assess one’s abilities, achievements, social status, and other attributes by measuring them against those of other people, especially one’s peers.

Answer 21

social comparison and self-esteem

Question 22

• children value the abilities they have and become more realistic
• self-esteem typically decreases in school children
• some current research links low self-esteem with increased aggression, other findings link inflated self-esteem with male bullying and aggression

Answer 22

social comparison and self-esteem

Question 23

• 4th stage in Erikson’s 8 psychosocial crises

- characterized by tension between productivity and imcompetence

Answer 23

Industry v. Inferiority

Question 24

attempt to master culturally valued skills and develop a sense of themselves as either industrious or inferior, competent or incompetent

Answer 24

children

Question 25

-concrete operational thought -classification -seriation -transitice inference -information processing perspective This is related to what?

Answer 25

cognition

Question 26

Piaget's term for the ability to reason logically about direct experiences and perceptions

Answer 26

concrete operational thought

Question 27

The process of grouping things based on their similarities

Answer 27

classification

Question 28

understanding order / arrangement

Answer 28

seriation

Question 29

understand implied information

Answer 29

transitice inference

Question 30

the model that seeks to identify the way that individuals take in, use, and store information

Answer 30

information processing perspective

Question 31

based on senses, can remember a lot for a small time

Answer 31

sensory memory

Question 32

visual, lightning

Answer 32

iconic sensory memory

Question 33

auditory, processing words later

Answer 33

echoic sensory memory

Question 34

process what's happening, reading test questions

Answer 34

working memory

Question 35

unlimited capactiy

Answer 35

long-term memory

Question 36

particular topic you know about

Answer 36

knowledge base

Question 37

any major cogniticve ability

Answer 37

control processes

Question 38

thinking about thinking

Answer 38

metacognition

Question 39

block out specific stimuli

Answer 39

selective attention

Question 40

how quickly you can respond

Answer 40

reaction time

Question 41

can do something without conscious thought

Answer 41

automatization

Question 42

allow us to be more skilled in information processing

Answer 42

corpus callosum, myelination, prefrontal cortex

Question 43

- ability to use words and devices to communicate in various contexts - allow kids to change formal and informal codes to fit audience

Answer 43

pragmatics

Question 44

- ELL's (English Language Learners) - Immersion - Bilingual Ed. - ESL's (English as a Second Language)

Answer 44

bilingual education

Question 45

no viable way to teach language so immersed into class / culture

Answer 45

immersion

Question 46

part of day taught in native language and part in english

Answer 46

bilingual eduction

Question 47

- international schooling - At About This Time (math and reading) - hidden curriculum - international testing - gender differences - tables 7.2 and 7.3 - choices and complications

Answer 47

learning in school

Question 48

what percent of americans age 5-11 have been diagnosed with asthma

Answer 48

15%

Question 49

____________ % US people rank in math

Answer 49

11

Question 50

___________% US people rank in reading

Answer 50

6

Question 51

- abnormality is normal - disability changes year by year - life may get better/worse - diagnosis and treatment reflect the social text

Answer 51

developmental psychopathology

Question 52

- Aptitude - Achievement tests - Multiple intelligences (Gardner) - IQ tests - Flynn effect

Answer 52

measuring the mind

Question 53

Capacity for learning; natural ability

Answer 53

aptitude

Question 54

tests designed to assess what a person has learned.

Answer 54

achievement tests

Question 55

The idea that human intelligence is comprised of a varied set of abilities rather than a single, all-encompassing one.

Answer 55

multiple intelligences

Question 56

tests designed to measure intellectual aptitude, or ability to learn in school (potential)

Answer 56

IQ tests

Question 57

The rise in average IQ scores that has occurred over the decades in many nations

Answer 57

Flynn effect

Question 58

attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

Answer 58

ADHD

Question 59

conditions and disorders come in 2's

Answer 59

comorbidity

Question 60

-misdiagnosis -drug abuse -normal behavior considered pathological All of this causes?

Answer 60

increasing incidence concerns

Question 61

- children responsibly perform specific chores - children make decisions about a weekly allowance - children can tell time, and they adhere to set times for various activities - children have homework, including some assignments over several days - children are less often punished than when they were younger - children try to conform to peers in clothes, language and so on - children express preferences about their after-school care, lessons and activities - children are responsible for younger children, pets, and in some places, work - children strive for independence from parents

Answer 61

signs of psychosocial maturation between 6-11

Question 62

- capacity to adapt well to significant adversity and to overcome serious stress - dynamic - positive adaptation to stress - adversity must be significant

Answer 62

resilience

Question 63

- circle of friend and activities - child's interpretation of events - support of family and community - personal strengths such as creativity and intelligence - avoidance of parentification

Answer 63

factors contributing to resilience

Question 64

when child takes on parental role

Answer 64

parentification

Question 65

environmental factors that are experienced by all relevant members of a household

Answer 65

shared environment

Question 66

those environmental factors that are not experienced by all relevant members of a household

Answer 66

nonshared environment

Question 67

-influence of shared environment _________ with age

Answer 67

shrinks

Question 68

effect of nonshared environment _______ with age

Answer 68

increases

Question 69

children raised in the same households by the same parents do not necessarily share the same ____________-

Answer 69

home environment

Question 70

changes in the family affect every family member differently, depending on ___ and ______

Answer 70

age, gender

Question 71

most parents respond to each of their children

Answer 71

differently

Question 72

function is more __________ than structure but harder to _______

Answer 72

important, measure

Question 73

low income and high conflict _________ with family function in every nation

Answer 73

interfere

Question 74

-two-parent families -single-parent families -more than 2 adults These are examples of ____________

Answer 74

diverse family structures

Question 75

What is the percentage of two parent families

Answer 75

69%

Question 76

What is the percentage of single-parent families?

Answer 76

31%

Question 77

What is percentage of more than 2 adults

Answer 77

10%

Question 78

- nuclear family - stepparent family - adoptive family - grandparents alone - two same-sex parents

Answer 78

two-parent families

Question 79

- Single mother (never married) - Single mother (divorced, separated, or widowed) - single father - Grandparent alone

Answer 79

single-parent families

Question 80

- extended family | - polygamous family

Answer 80

more than two adult families

Question 81

percentage of nuclear families

Answer 81

55%

Question 82

percentage of stepparent families

Answer 82

10%

Question 83

percentage of adopted families

Answer 83

2%

Question 84

percentage of grandparents alone families

Answer 84

1%

Question 85

percentage of two same-sex parent families

Answer 85

1%

Question 86

percentage of single mother never married families

Answer 86

14%

Question 87

percentage of single mother (divorced, separated, widowed) families

Answer 87

12%

Question 88

percentage of single father families

Answer 88

4%

Question 89

percentage of single grandparent alone families

Answer 89

1%

Question 90

percentage of extended families

Answer 90

10%

Question 91

percentage of polygamous families

Answer 91

0%

Question 92

2 factors that increase likelihood of dysfunction in every structure, ethnic group, and nation

Answer 92

low income/poverty, high conflict

Question 93

- any risk factor damages a family only if it increases the stress on that family - adults' stressful reaction to poverty is crucial in determining the effect on the children

Answer 93

family stress model

Question 94

the particular habits, styles, and values that reflect the set of rules and rituals that characterize children as distinct from adult society (fashion, language, peer culture)

Answer 94

culture of children

Question 95

- school age children value personal friendship more than peer acceptance - both boys and girls want to have best friends - social cognition - gender differences - older children

Answer 95

friendship

Question 96

- girls talk more and share secrets | - boys play more active games

Answer 96

gender differences

Question 97

- Demand more of their friends - Change friends less often - Become more upset when a friendship ends - Find it harder to make new friends - Seek friends who share their interests and values

Answer 97

older children

Question 98

- neglected - aggressive-rejected - withdrawn-rejected

Answer 98

unpopular children

Question 99

ignored; not taken care of

Answer 99

neglected

Question 100

in your face, seeking attention

Answer 100

aggressive rejected

Question 101

easiest to bully

Answer 101

withdrawn-rejected

Question 102

- physical - verbal - relational - cyberbullying

Answer 102

types of bullying

Question 103

hitting, punching, kicking

Answer 103

physical bullying

Question 104

teasing, taunting, name-calling

Answer 104

verbal bullying

Question 105

destroying peer acceptance and friendship

Answer 105

relational bullying

Question 106

using electronic means to harm another

Answer 106

cyber bullying