Test 4 - Created June 29 Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Test 4 - Created June 29 Deck (15)
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1
Q

when to re-consider electroconvulsive therapy

A

recent MI, space-occupying brain lesion, recent stroke, unstable aneurysm

2
Q

when bisphosphonates indicated for osteoPENIA

A

risk of hip fracture >3% or combined major osteoporotic fracture >20%

3
Q

important factors the improve overall survival rate in patient with sudden cardiac arrest out-of-hospital

A

1: prompt effective resuscitation with adequate bystander CPR, 2: prompt rhythm analysis, 3: defibrillation in patients found to be in a shockable rhythm (i.e. ventricular fibrillation)

4
Q

pain mgt in chronic pancreatitis

A

NO alcohol/tobacco; frequent, small meals; pancreatic enz.; NSAIDs; opioids

5
Q

malabsorption mgt in chronic pancreatitis

A

low-fat diet, pancr. enz., vit. KADE

6
Q

diabetes mgt in chronic pancreatitis

A

metformin initially; insulin when symptomatic hyperglycemia occurs

7
Q

side effects of SGLT2 inhibitors (-flozin)

A

vulvovaginal candidiasis, UTI, htn, AKI, hyperK, hyperLIPID, euDKA, low trauma fracture, amputation

8
Q

what is euglycemic DKA?

A

bG < 250, ketones and G in urine, acidotic on ABG; sxs = abd. pain, N/V, tachypnea

9
Q

pineal tumor causes Parinaud’s syndrome, which is?

A

loss of pupillary rxn, vertical gaze paralysis, loss of optokinetic nystagmus, headache, and ataxia; may secrete HCG and lead to early puberty

10
Q

craniopharyngioma sxs

A

headache, diabetes insipidus, def. of 1/+ ant. pit. hormones

11
Q

frontal lobe tumor sxs

A

headaches, FNDs, seizures, release of primitive reflexes, Foster Kennedy syndrome (optic atrophy on side of tumor and papilledema on contra side)

12
Q

pituitary tumor sxs

A

bitemporal hemianopsia +/- hormonal dysfunction

13
Q

pernicious anemia causes autoimmune metaplastic atrophic gastritis, which causes what?

A

glandular atrophy of gastric body and fundus, intestinal metaplasia, and inflammation

14
Q

common extrapulmonary manifestations of sarcoidosis

A

skin: papular, nodular, or plaque-like lesions or erythema nodosum
eyes: uveitis and keratoconjunctivitis sicca
joints: acute polyarthritis
neuro: FN palsy (Bell’s for ex.), central DI
cardio: AV block, CMP
other: hepatosplenomegaly and peripheral LAP, hyperCa

15
Q

Lofgren syndrome (combo of signs/sxs in sarcoidosis)

A

erythema nodosum, hilar adenopathy, migratory polyarthralgia, and fever