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Tina's Clin Chem > Test #6 > Flashcards

Test #6 Flashcards

(39 cards)

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1
Q

There are 5 Dz/Conditions where everything will DECREASE, what are they?

A
  • Liver Failure
  • Diuresis
  • Anorexia
  • Grass Tetany
  • Ethylene Glycol Toxicity
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2
Q

There are 7 Dz/Conditions where everything will INCREASE, what are they?

A
  • Hemolysis
  • HBO
  • Dehydration
  • Pancreatitis
  • LSA (Paraneoplastic Syndrome)
  • Seizure
  • Blocked Tom (Post-Renal Azotemia)
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3
Q

In Liver Dz and the use of Steroids everything will INCREASE, except what 3 things?

A

DECREASED:

  • ALB
  • GLOB
  • BUN
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4
Q

In Renal Failure (Primary Azotemia) we will always see a FIXED USG and what else?

A

INCREASED- BUN and CREAT

DECREASED- Na, K, and Cl

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5
Q

When vomiting we will see a DECREASE in everything, except what one thing?

A

INCREASED- HCO-3 (Intestinal Content)

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6
Q

When having Diarrhea we will see a DECREASE in everything, except what one thing?

A

INCREASED- Cl (Stomach Content)

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7
Q

What do we see with a Parathyroidectomy?

A

INCREASED- Phos.

DECREASED- Ca

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8
Q

In Addison’s Dz everything is DECREASE, except what one thing?

A

INCREASED- K

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9
Q

Name the 4 enzymes commonly seen together, if one changes they all change.

A
  • ALT
  • AST
  • ALP
  • GGT
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10
Q

What 2 enzymes make up BILE?

A
  • D. Bili

- CHOL

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11
Q

What 2 electrolytes make up the CELL MEMBRANE?

A
  • Phos.

- K

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12
Q

3 reasons for INCREASED enzyme levels in the blood?

A
  1. Leak out of damaged or dying cells
  2. Increased production (young animals/neoplasia)
  3. Blockage of excretory route (HBO/Blocked Tom)
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13
Q

What is the old name for the enzyme ALT?

A

SGPT

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14
Q

What is the old name for the enzyme AST?

A

SGOT

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15
Q

What is the liver specific enzyme in Dogs and Cats?

A

ALT

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16
Q

What is the liver specific enzyme in Lg Animals?

17
Q

What 2 enzymes does TP include?

18
Q

A:G ratio

Study These Flashcards
A

ALB / GOLB = A:G ratio

- will either be increased or decreased

19
Q

Lipase and Amylase are always run together, but which one can r/o Pancreatitis by it’s self?

Study These Flashcards
A

Normal Lipase

Pancreatitis will always have ^ Lipase and Amylase

20
Q

Creatine Kinase (CK) is produced by what and it’s old name was?

Study These Flashcards
A
  • Striated Muscle (Skeletal and Cardiac)

- CPK

21
Q

Enzyme activity is measured in what units and what 2 things can interfere with results?

Study These Flashcards
A
  • IU

- Hemolysis and Lipemia

22
Q

Liver Functions

Study These Flashcards
A
  • Protein Synthesis (ALB and Clotting factors)
  • Metabolism of Carbs, Proteins, Lipids, and other drugs
  • CHOL and Bile Synthesis
  • Detoxification of blood (ammonia to urea)
23
Q

Conjugated Bilirubin + Unconjugated Bilirubin = ???

24
Q

Unconjugated Bilirubin = ???

25
Conjugated Bilirubin = ???
D Bili
26
Kidney Functions
- Regulate water balance (ADH), electrolytes (aldostarone), blood pH - Excrete non-protein nitrogenous wastes (BUN and CREAT) - Synthesize Renin (regulates BP) and EPO - Conserves Glucose and Protein
27
Pancreas Functions
``` EXOCRINE Functions: -Digestive enzymes (Amylase, Tripson, and Lipase) ENDOCRINE Functions: -Hormones -Insulin (decreased blood glucose) -Glycogon (increased blood glucose) ```
28
Reasons for INCREASED CK
``` CK will leak out of cells when the muscle is damaged: -IM inj. -Sx -Lacerations -Brusing etc . . . ```
29
Finish this statement in regards to Sodium (Na) and Potassium (K) - The Adrenals release . . .
Aldostarone > that acts on the Renal Tubulars = "Keep Na" and "Ditch K"
30
Potassium (K) plays a role in muscle function, what can happen when K INCREASES?
INCREASED K > Bradycardia = Cardiac Arrest
31
An Addison's pt will "Ditch ___" and "Keep ___"?
Ditch Na | Keep K
32
Chloride (Cl) is closely associated with what other electrolyte?
Na | **if Na increases/decreased, Cl will do the same**
33
Cl is a component of what 4 bodily secretions?
- Tears - Saliva - Sweat - HCI
34
% of Magnesium (mg) in Bone and Blood, which % is metabolically active?
- 50% in Bone | - 50% in Blood (MBA)
35
Mg Functions
- Plays a roll in the breakdown of Acetycholine = muscle contractions - Enzyme function
36
Finish this statement in regards to Calcium (Ca) and Phosphorus (Phos.) - The Parathyroid gland releases . . .
PTH > that acts on the Renal Tubulars = "Keep Ca" and "Ditch Phos." **if no PTH is being produced (parathyroidectomy) = "Keep Phos." and "Ditch Ca"
37
% of Ca in Bone and Blood, which is metabolically active?
- 99% in Bone | - 1% in Blood (MBA)
38
Ca Functions
- Blood coagulation - Enzyme function - Maintains Neuromuscular excitability and tone
39
Phos. Functions
- Carbohydrate metabolism - Nucleic Acids (DNA/RNA) - Phospholipids (Cell Membrane) - Plays a roll in energy storage, release, and transfer

Tina's Clin Chem (3 decks)

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