Flashcards in test 9 Deck (22)
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1
bitters
found in:
- monoterpen derivatives
- sesquiterpen lactones
- diterpenes
activate taste receptors -> secretion of salvia gastric acid and chole -> improve digestion (30min before meal)
2
bitterness determination:
- compairing threshold bitter conc to that of quinine hydrochloride
3
types of drugs containing bitters
type depends on helper compound type
4
great yellow gentian
gentiana lutea
1. root
2. secoiridoid bitters
3. appatizer, improve digestion, infusion
5
centaury
centaurium erythtea
1. flower
2. secoiridoid bitters
3. increase secretion of gastric juice and bile, for digestive disorders and ext for wound healing
6
wormwood
artemisia absinthium
1. flowering apex of shoot
2. artabsin, absinthin
3. appetizing effect, increase secretion of gastric juice and bile
7
arnica
arnica montana
1. flower
2. helenanin
3. anti- inflammatory, anti-microbial, infusion
8
st. benedicts thistle
cnicus benedictus
1. above ground parts
2. cninin
3. increase secretion of gastric acid, antimicrobial effect, against digestive disorders
9
artichoke
cynara scolymus
1. leaf
2. sesquiterpenlactons
3. decrease fat content of blood
10
dandelion
taraxacum officinale
1. whole plant
2. sesquiterpene lactons
3. appertizing effect -> increase gall production
11
terpenoids - diterpenes
C20
regulate plant growth
many toxic, medicinal agents
12
white horehound
marrubium vulgare
1. whole flowering plant
2. diterpene bitters
3. improve digestion,
13
triterpenes
C30
phytosterols
steroid-glycoalkaloids
saponins
cardiac glycosides
14
cardiac glycosides
faster and more powerful heart contraction
2 types: bufadienolide and cardenolide
15
cardenolides
hydrophilic(sugar) and hydrophobic(steroid) part
5 member ring
dont use as home remidy --> specific dosage, toxic if wrong
16
spp. digitalis
foxglove spp.
1. leaf
2. steroid - glycosides
3. industrial use only
17
saponins
emusifying effect: hydrophobic and hydrophillic part
foam in rumen
hemolysis
disintegrated cell membranes
18
cowslip
primula veris
1. root
2. primulasaponins
3. secretolytic, cough medicine
19
fenugreek
trigonella foenum
1. seed
2. steroid saponins
3. stimulate lactation, lowers glucose conc in blood
20
ginseng
panax ginseng
1. root
2. ginsenosides
3. decrease fatigue and weakness
21
liquorice
glycyrrhiza glabra
1. root
2. triterpene glycosides
3. anti-inflammatory, secrolytic, gastic ulcer treatment
22