Test for Module 4

Question 1

Answer 1

fatty acid tails of phospholipid

Question 2

digestive organelle that may also break up dead cell material

Answer 2

lysosomes

Question 3

collapse of a walled cell’s cytoplasm due to a lack of water

Answer 3

plasmolysis

Question 4

A cell produces a protein that will be used by other cells. When the cell releases the protein into the extracellular fluid, what function has it performed?

Answer 4

secretion

Question 5

A solution in which the concentration of solutes in lower relative to another solution

Answer 5

hypotonic solution

Question 6

membrane-bounded “sac” that transports large molecules through the cell membrane

Answer 6

endocytic vesicle

Question 7

Diffusion is the movement of particles

Answer 7

from areas of greater concentration to areas of lesser concentrationW

Question 8

What chemical process occurs in the cell organelle called the mitochondria

Answer 8

cellular respiration

Question 9

Describe prokaryotic cells

Answer 9

they have cell membranes, cytoplasm, and ribosomes; they lack a nucleus; they grow and reproduce

Question 10

The motion of cytoplasm in a cell that results in a coordinated movement of the cell’s contents

Answer 10

cytoplasmic streaming

Question 11

Answer 11

integral protein

Question 12

the site of protein synthesis

Answer 12

ribosomes

Question 13

Answer 13

cholesterol

Question 14

What process requires that the cell expend energy?

Answer 14

endocytosis

Question 15

What are leucoplasts?

Answer 15

plastids that are non-pigmented and store carbohydrates

Question 16

Name scientists that contributed to cell theory

Answer 16

Schwann, Schleiden, Virchow

Question 17

Answer 17

carboydrate or glycoprotein

Question 18

Answer 18

phosphate head of phospholipid

Question 19

Describe the three types of passive transport.

Answer 19

diffusion, facilitated diffusion, and osmosis. All the types move molecules with their concentration gradient and so do not require energy input

Question 20

Explain what type of cellular activity could continue to occur if the cell’s mitochondria stop working

Answer 20

the cell would no longer be able to provide energy for active transport. Diffusion and osmosis, however, could still continue because these processes are passive and do not require energy

Question 21

The rupturing of a cell due to excess internal pressure

Answer 21

cytolysis

Question 22

What are chloroplasts?

Answer 22

a plastid that contains red, orange, or yellow pigments and function in photosynthesis

Question 23

What type of organelles contain its own DNA?

Answer 23

mitochondria

Question 24

Describe active transport

Answer 24

It moves molecules against their concentration gradient and so will require energy input. Pumps move small molecules against their concentration gradient while endocytosis and exocytosis move larger particles into or out of the cell respectively.

Question 25

Describe cell theory

Answer 25

All living things are made of cells; cells are the unit of structure and function for all life; all cells come from other cells

Question 26

What are chromoplasts?

Answer 26

a plastid that contains green pigment and functions in photosynthesis

Question 27

the site of photosynthesis

Answer 27

chloroplast

Question 28

the endocytic process by which a cell engulfs large, solid particles or cells

Answer 28

phagocytosis