Test three ii

Question 1

Catch 22 ab antidysrhythmic drugs

Answer 1

if they treat dysrhythmias, they also cause them

typically only use in extreme situations

Question 2

classes of antidysrhythmic drugs

Answer 2

1: sodium blockers
2: beta blockrs
3. potassium channel blockers
4. calcium channel blockers

others: adenosine, digoxin, ibutilide

Question 3

How do antidysrhythmic drugs affect EKGs?

Answer 3

prolong QT

Question 4

Sodium channel blockers
-examples
-what do they do?
-drug interactions

Answer 4

quinidine and lidocaine
slow impulse conduction by delaying depolarization
prolong QT
don’t use with digoxin

Question 5

Which BB doesn’t drop BP?

Answer 5

Esmolol

Question 6

K channel blockers
-example
-when’s it given?
-why be cautious?

Answer 6

Amiodarone
for life threatening dysrhythmias
Huge therapeutic index: 52 day half life
don’t mix with grapefruit, digoxin, or warfarin
Cautious of torsades de pointes

Question 7

What is atherosclerosis and how should it first be handled?

Answer 7

atherosclerosis = fat in blood vessels
atherogenesis = LDL deposition that triggers inflammation
Tackle with lifestyle changes first –> then bulking agents for fatty poop

Question 8

drugs for atherosclerosis

Answer 8

statins
niacin
fibrates
sequestrants

Question 9

what’s good ab Statins?
-where are they processed?

Answer 9

best at lowering LDLs and triglycerides while maintaining HDL
liver

Question 10

adverse effects of statins

Answer 10

headache, rash, GI issues, new diabetes
FUCKS WITH MUSCLES –> DETECTED BY CREATININE

Question 11

advice to patients taking statins

Answer 11

take in evening
don’t mix with other lipid lowering drugs

Question 12

niacin

Answer 12

helps poop lipids, but not as effective as statins
raises uric acid levels

Question 13

fibrates

Answer 13

lowers triglycerides
good for pancreatitis ppl

Question 14

sequestrants

Answer 14

good for lowering ldl, but kinda dangerous

causes constipation, pancreatitis, rhabdomyolysis
don’t take at same time as thiazides, digoxin, or warfarin

Question 15

Hemophilia

Answer 15

bleeding disorder usually in males, but women are carriers
treat with factors (usually VIII or IX)
DDAVP stops or prevents bleeding in mild cases
Antifibrinolitic agents help with ongoing bleeding

watch for anaphylaxis while giving blood

Question 16

What causes iron deficiency

Answer 16

pregnancy
early cord clamping
chronic blood loss

Question 17

oral iron

Answer 17

regulated thru intestine; eliminated in stool
only moderately effective (supplements)
best to get it from diet

Question 18

B12 deficiency

Answer 18

can’t make DNA
usually due to impaired absorption

signs = megaloblasts –> weird cells can’t carry O2 –> Anemia –> heart failure and dysrhythmias –> also neurologic damage

Heart stuff can be fixed with folic acid, but brain stuff can’t

Question 19

folic acid deficiency

Answer 19

fucks with wound healing and neural tube dvlpment
presents as megaloblasts w/o neuro stuff
give to alcoholics

Question 20

Hematopoietic agents

Answer 20

for dialysis and chemo patients
EPA and Romiplostim (ITP)
Cause bone pain and blood clots
hgb should not exceed 12

epa sometimes speeds up tumor progression

Question 21

how to treat CCB OD?

Answer 21

NE