Tests for anoins/cations

Question 1

how to test identity of cations

Answer 1

add sodium hydroxide solution

Question 2

list all cations you need to know test for

Answer 2

aluminium Al3+, calcium Ca 2+, magnesium Mg 2+, copper Cu 2+, Iron Fe 2+, Iron Fe 3+

Question 3

test for Al3+ ions

Answer 3

white precipitate
dissolves in excess

Question 4

test for Ca2+

Answer 4

white precipitate
doesn’t dissolve in excess

Question 5

test for Mg2+

Answer 5

white precipitate
doesn’t dissolve in excess

Question 6

test for Cu2+

Answer 6

blue precipitate

Question 7

test for Fe 2+

Answer 7

green precipitate

Question 8

test for Fe3+

Answer 8

brown precipitate

Question 9

how to test identity of halide ions

Answer 9

add silver nitrate solution in presence of nitric acid

Question 10

list the 3 halide ions you need to know the test for

Answer 10

chlorine, bromide, iodide
(all ions have 1- charge)

Question 11

test for Cl- ions

Answer 11

silver nitrate +nitric acid
white precipitate

Question 12

test for Br- ions

Answer 12

silver nitrate+nitric acid
cream precipitate

Question 13

test for iodide ions

Answer 13

silver nitrate+nitric acid
yellow precipitate

Question 14

test for carbonate CO3 2-

Answer 14

add dilute acid
co2 formed (tested by bubbling through limewater)

Question 15

test for sulfate SO4 2-

Answer 15

add barium chloride in presence of hydrochloric acid

white precipitate formed