the adrenal gland Flashcards
adrenal medulla
25%
neuroendorcrine gland
what does adrenal medulla secrete
catecholamines from postganglionic cell
epinephrine
norephinephrine
dopamine
adrenal cortex
75%
3 classes of steroid hormones: mineralocorticoids, glucocorticoids, sex steroids
zona glomerulosa
aldosterone
zona fasciculata
glucocorticoids
zona reticularis
sex steroids
what are steroid hormones derived from
cholesterol
cortisol
glucocorticoid hormone
permissive to glucagon in terms of raising BG
cortisol release
circadian ryhtym
peaks 6-8AM
actions of cortisol on Glc metabolism
gluconeogensis
proteolysis
lipolysis
dec insulin sensiivity
additional actions of cortisol
lowers Ca2+
impaired mood + cognition
permissive effect norepinephrine
suppress immune system
side effects of glucocorticoid therapy
supressed immune system - frequent + severe infection
protein catabolism - muscle wastage
lipolysis- thinning/more fragile skin
aldosterone
mineralocorticoid
inc reabsorption Na+ and excretion K+
increased aldosterone
Na+ and water retention and K+ depletion
–> inc blood volume and inc BP
decreased aldosterone
Na+ and water loss, increased K+
–> dec blood volume and dec BP
