The Age of Exploration

Question 1

What two things got people interested in the AGE OF EXPLORATION?

Answer 1

12th Century Renaissance and Prester John

Question 2

Who was PRESTER JOHN?

Answer 2

An unknown person who claimed to be Christan Priestly King; stood as a beacon of hope to Europe for multiple centuries

Question 3

Why did the Reconquista ending help expand the Age of Exploration?

Answer 3

unneeded Spanish soldiers were sent to go explore and other countries did the same

Question 4

What were some of the motives for the Age of Exploration?

Answer 4

the desire for wealth and the renaissance spirit of question

Question 5

What was Ptolemy’s 2nd-century book Geografia?

Answer 5

It described the map of the world and helped make much better maps

Question 6

Who helped map much of the African Coast?

Answer 6

Prince Henry the Navigator (explored western Africa coast for Portugal)

Question 7

Who sailed to India in 1497 end established helped make Portugal a trading empire around the Indian Ocean?

Answer 7

Vasco De Gana

Question 8

Who funded Christopher Columbus’ voyage west?

Answer 8

Queen Isabela of Spain

Question 9

Why did Columbus sail west?

Answer 9

He thought he could sail straight to India

Question 10

Why did Spain fund Columbus?

Answer 10

Reconquista/ crusading spirit, Spain competition with Portugal

Question 11

What was the LINE OF DEMARCATION?

Answer 11

A line set by the pope splitting the non-European world into two zones; east for Portugal and west for Spain

Question 12

Who’s crew was the first to circumnavigate the globe?

Answer 12

Ferdinand Magellan

Question 13

What was the Northwest Passage English, Dutch, and French explorers were looking for?

Answer 13

A passage to Asia cutting through northwest North America (there is no such passage)

Question 14

Who set up the first outpost in Africa and took over the thriving east Africa trade network?

Answer 14

The Portuguese

Question 15

What was the Atlantic slave trade?

Answer 15

European and African slave traders shipped loads of enslaved Africans to go work in the Americas; the Americas needed free labor mainly for plantations

Question 16

How did the Atlantic slave trade triangular trade work?

Answer 16

1st: Slaves from Africa were brought to the Americas
2nd: Raw goods found in the Americas were shipped to Europe
3rd: Manufactured goods (ex. guns) were shipped to Africa from Europe

Question 17

Why did some African states assist in the slave trade?

Answer 17

They gained power and other things

Question 18

Who were two important figures that tried to resist the slave trade?

Answer 18

Affonso I of Kongo (1505); Almony of Futu Toro (18th century)- ruler of Futu Toro

Question 19

What are ENCOMIENDAS?

Answer 19

plantation systems that needed lots of labor- usually slave labor, although run by Spanish

Question 20

How did Europeans try to modernize Spanish America?

Answer 20

They tried to make Spanish colines like Europe

Question 21

How did Spanish colines make lots of money?

Answer 21

Mining

Question 22

What was one of the most important mines to the Spanish?

Answer 22

Potosi- a place with many major silver mines

Question 23

What was the global exchange during the Age of Exploration?

Answer 23

Europeans brought new foods and animals to Americas and brought new foods and animals back to Europe

Question 24

How did this global exchange impact the population of Europe?

Answer 24

new food and crops from Americas helped the population grow and it sparked the Columbian Exchange- migration of millions of people

Question 25

What was the commercial revolution during the time?

Answer 25

the price of many things rose in Europe (inflation)- The Price Revolution; Captialsim grew- grown by expanded trade + overseas colonies

Question 26

What was MERCANTILISM?

Answer 26

an economic policy aimed at strengthening European countries’ natural economies; urged rulers to adopt policies to increase national wealth and government revenues

Question 27

Who was Ferdinand Magellan?

Answer 27

His crew was the first to circumnavigate the globe; sailed for Portugal in 1522