The Appendicular Skeleton

Question 1

What are the bones of the appendicular skeleton primarily involved in?

Answer 1

Body Movements

Question 2

what makes up the pectoral girdle?

Answer 2

Clavicle and scapula

Question 3

What does the medial (Sternal) end of the clavicle articulate with?

Answer 3

Manubrium of the sternum

Question 4

What does the lateral (acromial) end of the clavicle articulate with?

Answer 4

The scapula

Question 5

What ribs does the scapula sit between?

Answer 5

the 2nd and the 7th

Question 6

where is the glenoid cavity attached?

Answer 6

Humerus

Question 7

where does the humerus articulate?

Answer 7

the scapula proximally
the radius and ulna distally

Question 8

what does the trochlea of the humerus articulate with?

Answer 8

the ulna

Question 9

what does the capitulum of the humerus articulate with?

Answer 9

the radius

Question 10

what forms the trochlear notch?

Answer 10

the olecranon and the coronoid process at the proximal end of ulna

Question 11

what is the trochlear notch?

Answer 11

it wraps around the trochlea of the humerus to make up the elbow joint

Question 12

where is the radius located?

Answer 12

the lateral (thumb side) of the forearm

Question 13

what is the socket of the shoulder called

Answer 13

glenohumeral joint

Question 14

how many carpal bones are there?

Answer 14

8 connected by ligaments, arranged in 2 rows of 4

Question 15

what is in the proximal row of carpal bones?

Answer 15

Scaphoid
Lunate
Triquetrum
Pisiform

Question 16

what does the proximal row of the carpal bones articulate with?

Answer 16

distal radius and ulna

Question 17

what is in the distal row of carpal bones?

Answer 17

Trapezium
Trapezoid
Capitate
Hamate

Question 18

what does the distal row of carpal bones articulate with?

Answer 18

the metacarpals

Question 19

how many metacarpals make up the palm and the back of the hand?

Answer 19

5 (I-V) starting at the thumb

Question 20

where do the metacarpals articulate?

Answer 20

bases articulate with distal carpals
heads articulate with proximal phalanges

Question 21

how many phalanges in each hand?

Answer 21

14

Question 22

how many phalanges in each digit?

Answer 22

Thumb - 2
Rest - 3

Question 23

where does the head of the femur artiulate?

Answer 23

acetabulum (of the hip bone as a ball and socket)

Question 24

what is the acetabulum

Answer 24

composed of all 3 parts that make up the hip bone

Question 25

what divides the pelvis into inferior and superior parts?

Answer 25

the pelvic brim (where abdomen meets the pelvic cavity.

Question 26

what is the boy pelvis superior to the pelvic brim known as

Answer 26

false greater pelvis

Question 27

what is the bony pelvis inferior to the brim known as?

Answer 27

true lesser pelvis

Question 28

how to male and female pelvis differ?

Answer 28

Male: larger and heavier Female: wider and shallower

Question 29

what is the longest and strongest bone

Answer 29

femur

Question 30

where does the proximal end (head) insert?

Answer 30

acetabulum

Question 31

Where does the distal end of femur articulate?

Answer 31

Tibia and patella

Question 32

describe the patella

Answer 32

triangular bine that develops in the quadriceps tendon

Question 33

what does the tibia articulate with?

Answer 33

Proximal end: Femur Distal End: talus bone

Question 34

what is the tibial tuberosity?

Answer 34

on the anterior surface of tibia, is point of attachment for the patellar ligament

Question 35

how many bones in the tarsus

Answer 35

7

Question 36

what are the bones in the tarsus

Answer 36

Talus Calcaneus navicular 3 cuneiforms cuboid

Question 37

how many bones in the metatarsus?

Answer 37

5 (I-V) metatarsals

Question 38

what do the proximal ends of the metatarsals articulate with?

Answer 38

3 uniform and cuboid

Question 39

what do the distal ends of the metatarsals articulate with?

Answer 39

proximal phalanges

Question 40

how are the lower limb phalanges arranged?

Answer 40

big toe has a proximal and distal phalange the rest have proximal, middle and distal

Question 41

hoe many arches does the foot have

Answer 41

2

Question 42

what are the arches supported by?

Answer 42

ligaments and tendons

Question 43

what is the purpose of the arches?

Answer 43

allow the foot to support and distribute weight of the body, provide leverage while walking

Question 44

what are the 2 arches called

Answer 44

longitudinal arch (medial and lateral portion) Transverse arch

Question 45

where does most skeletal tissue arise from

Answer 45

middle primary germ layer in embryos known as mesoderm

Question 46

where does most of the skull arise from?

Answer 46

outer layer called ectoderm

Question 47

what are the 2 ways skull bones develop?

Answer 47

~The Cartilaginous Neurocranium (hyaline cartilage) undergoes endochondral ossification ~The membranous neurocranium undergoes intramembranous ossification

Question 48

where do the bones of the face form from?

Answer 48

Viscerocranium

Question 49

what are the 2 parts of the viscerocranium?

Answer 49

~Cartilaginous viscerocranium ~Membranous Viscerocranium

Question 50

what is the cartilaginous viscerocranium?

Answer 50

comes from cartilage of the pharyngeal arches and this forms the ear bones and hyoid bone

Question 51

what is the membranous viscerocranium

Answer 51

comes from mesenchyme of the first pharyngeal arch, undergoes intramembranous ossification and forms the facial bones