The Behavioral Model of Abnormality

Question 1

behaviorists argue that

Answer 1

phobias are learnt in the same way that all behaviors are learnt

Question 2

all behaviors are learnt though

Answer 2

classical and operant conditioning

Question 3

in classical conditioning a natural reflex is produced in response to a

Answer 3

previously neutral stimulus

Question 4

phobias can be created when

Answer 4

the natural fear response becomes associated with a particular stimulus

Question 5

1. a certain stimulus =

Answer 5

unconditioned stimulus

Question 6

2. the unconditioned stimulus triggers

Answer 6

a natural reflex - unconditioned responce

Question 7

3. the unconditioned stimulus repeatedly presented with another stimulus =

Answer 7

a conditioned stimulus

Question 8

4. the conditioned stimulus triggers a

Answer 8

unconditioned responce

Question 9

5. over time, the conditioned stimulus presents itself to create

Answer 9

a conditioned responce

Question 10

phobias can generalize to

Answer 10

similar stimuli

Question 11

Watson and Rayner date

Answer 11

1920

Question 12

Watson and Rayner study name

Answer 12

Little Albert

Question 13

Watson and Rayner conditioned a phobia in

Answer 13

Little Albert by using classical conditioning

Question 14

Watson and Rayner presented little Albert with a

Answer 14

white rat which he was fine with

Question 15

Watson and Rayner then got Albert to associate

Answer 15

rats with load noises which scared him

Question 16

Watson and Rayner found that Albert then

Answer 16

generalized his fear to white fluffy objects

Question 17

operant conditioning is

Answer 17

learning from the consequences of actions

Question 18

actions which have a good outcome give

Answer 18

positive reinforcement or negative reinformcement

Question 19

what could positive reinforcement be?

Answer 19

a reward

Question 20

what could negative reinforcement be?

Answer 20

the removal of something bad

Question 21

actions which have a bad outcome give

Answer 21

punishment

Question 22

after punishment, the action

Answer 22

will not be repeated

Question 23

operant conditioning is important in

Answer 23

maintaining phobias