the body stuff Flashcards
(40 cards)
negative feedback
when some variable sets a counteracting response in order to come back to a set point. maintains homeostasis
positive feedback
the variable is being amplified
homeostasis
same state or steady state maintaining a stable internal environment despite changes in external surroundings
set point
normal value for the controlled variable
sensor
monitors the level or activity of a variiable
integrator
compares signals from sensor and set point
effector
compensates for any deviation between the actual value and the set point
connective tissue (connect things)
structure: blood, adipose, bone, and cartilage
function: connect, surround, anchor and support attatchemnt, strength, and communication between cells
epithelial tissue
structure: a sheet of densely packed epithelial cells that cover organs or and body
function: protection and secrete and absorb ions and organic molecules
muscle tissue
strucutre: bundles of muscle fibers
function: is to contract or generate force for a body movement
nervous tissue
structure: composed of complex networks of nuerons
function: receives, generate, and conducts electrical signals from one part of the animals body to another part
Circulatory System
components: vessels, heart, blood vessels, blood, or hemolymph
function: transport and distribute solutes to multiple parts of an organisms body
Immune and Lymphatic System
components: white blood (Luekocytes), lymph organs, lymph vessels, and nodes
function: help protect body from pathogens
Nervous system
components: the brain, spinal cord, PNS, CNS,
FUNCTION: regulates and coordinates movement, sensation, organ function
Respiratory System
COMPONENTS: gills, skin, trachea, and lungs
Function: exchanges oxygen and CO2 with the enviorment; regulated blood
SENSORY NUERONS
carries impulses from the receptor to the cns (brain or spinal cord)
motor nuerons
carries impulses from the CNS to the skeletal or smooth muscles to control body movements
Internuerons
conect motor and sensory nuerons most abundant type of nuerons
Glial Cells (think glue)
microglial and macroglial
microglial: primary immune defense of CNS
Macroglial: rest of the glial cells
Oligodendrocyte and shrawn cells
covers nueron cells with myelin (important for a smooth ride for signals to travel along making it more efficient) in oligodendrocytes in occurs in CNS and Shrawn occurs in PNS
astrocytes
provide neural support, repair damage tissue and regulate neural communication
forebrain
relays sensory input to the cerebrum and control voluntary movements
midbrain
processes sensory information and maintains alertness
hindbrain
controls homeostasis and essential bodily functions
