The brain Flashcards
(31 cards)
Why do we study the brain in psychology
The brain is responsible for thoughts and behaviours. Understanding how the brain works can help us understand human behaviour.
Superior vs inferior
Superior top, inferior bottom
Medial vs lateral
medial closer to midline
lateral – closer to sides
Anterior vs posterior
Anterior front
Posterior back
Dorsal vs ventral
Dorsal superior (dorsal fin)
Ventral inferior
Rostral vs Caudal (In the spine and the brain) Rostral -rostral – ant brain
Rostral anterior
Caudal posterior
Sagittal vs transverse
vs coronal
sagittal - half middle of brain - cut face in half
transverse - horizontal perpendicular to long axis of body, cuts top and bottom of brain in half
coronal section parallel to long axis - separates front and back of face
Describe the cerebrum
The outside of the whole brain, bulk of brain mass, thick tissue folded into ridges called gyri, grooves between are called sulci. Gyri are grey matter, 4 major lobes, the cerebrum is split down the middle length ways into 2 half’s, the left and right hemispheres.
What does damage to Broca’s area result in
Damage to Broca’s area (eg. from a stroke) results in Broca’s Aphasia, have difficulty producing speech, although what they say is still able to be comprehended. Video of someone finding it hard to say things- slow
What is the function of the cerebrum
The cerebrum controls and integrates motor, sensory, and higher mental functions - thought, reason, emotion and memory.
What is the function of the temporal lobe
Involved in the primary organisation of sensory input
What is the function of the occipital lobe
The centres of visual perception
What is the function of the parietal lobe
Deals with touch, pain, proprioception and taste
What is the function of the frontal lobe
Involved in higher order functions including motor function, problem solving, judgment, language, impulse control and social behaviour
What is the precentral gyrus is also known as,,,
Primary motor area
What is the postcentral gyrus also known as…..
Primary somatosensory area
Patients with Wernicki’s aphasia have what problem
difficulty with speech comprehension. speak fast but it is gibberish
What is the function of the central sulcus
Marks border between frontal and parietal lobes and primary motor and somatosensory areas
Where is the precentral sulcus
Anterior and parallel to central sulcus
Where is the postcentral sulcus
Posterior and parallel to central sulcus Divides the parietal lobe.
What is the longitudinal fissure
Deep sagittal fissure that separates the two hemispheres
What does the posterior ramus of the lateral sulcus do
Separates parietal and temporal lobes
Where is Broca’s area what is its function
Contained in the frontal lobe near primary motor cortex.
Converts thoughts into muscle movements either for mouth or hand
Where is Wernick’s area what is its function
Contained at the border of the parietal, temporal and occipital lobes.
Spoken or read words are turned into meaningful ideas, also where words are picked to convey ideas
