The Cell Flashcards
(49 cards)
What are the biomolecules of the cell
Lipids, Porteins, Carbohydrates and phospholipids
Function of the cell membrane
physically separate the inside and outside of the cell
What is a integral membrane protein
cross the plasma membrane
What do the membrane proteins do
determine the membrane function
What is a peripheral membrane protein
do not cross the plasma membrane
What is the function of membrane carbohydrates
For cell-to-cell recognition
what are glycolipids
carbs covalently bonded to lipids
what are glycoproteins
proteins covalently bonded to proteins
What is the fluid mosaic model
the idea that a membrane is fluid and contains many different components
What is passive transport
diffusion, high-to-low concentration, no energy required
What is active transport
low-to-high concentration, requires energy
What travels through diffusion
Lipids, O2 and CO2
How do polar or large molecules pass through
Carrier and Channel Proteins
Primary Active Transport
Requires ATP, sodium and potassium
Secondary Active Transport
Energy from electrochemical gradient, glucose, sodium, amino acids, nucleotides and salts
Exocytosis
sending out molecules
Endocytosis
taking in molecules
what is the function of cell walls
provides structural support and protection, puts pressure on the cell
Pinocytosis
drinkning multiple molecules
Eukaryotes
Membrane-bound nucleus and organelles
Prokaryotes
No nucleus, no membrane-bound organelles, cell wall
Phagocytosis
eating necessary molecules
What is the nucleus
largest organelle holds genetic information
What is the function of the nucleus
the cells control center
