The Cell Flashcards
The carbon that makes up organic molecules in plants is derived directly from:
A. Carbon fixed in photosynthesis B. Carbon dioxide produced in respiration C. Carbon in the lithosphere D. Coal mines E. Combustion of fuels
A. Carbon fixed in photosynthesis
The nucleolus functions in the production of:
A. Microtubules D. Golgi apparatus
B. Endoplasmic reticulum E. Mitochondria
C. Ribosomes
C. Ribosomes
Which of the following is an important difference between light-dependent and light-independent reactions of photosynthesis?
A. The light-dependent reactions utilize CO2 and H2O; the light-independent reactions produce CO2 and H2O.
B. The light-dependent reactions occur in the cytoplasm; the light-independent reactions occur in chloroplasts.
C. The light-dependent reactions occur only during the day; the light-independent reactions occur only during the night.
D. The light-dependent reactions produce ATP and NADPH; the light-independent reactions use energy stored in ATP and NADPH.
E. The light-dependent reactions depend on the presence of both photosystems I and II; the light-independent reactions require only photosystem I.
D. The light-dependent reactions produce ATP and NADPH; the light-independent reactions use energy stored in ATP and NADPH.
The O2 released during photosynthesis comes from:
A. CO2 D. C6H12O6
B. H2O E. NADPH
C. RuBP (RuDP)
B. H2O
Which of the following are characteristics of both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?
A. Mitochondria, nucleus and ribosomes
B. Cell wall, several chromosomes, and cytoplasm
C. Cytoplasm and a well-defined nucleus surrounded by a membrane
D. Cell membrane, ribosomes, DNA, and RNA
E. Membranous sites of ATP synthesis, Golgi complex, and ribosomes
D. Cell membrane, ribosomes, DNA, and RNA
Which of the following pairs is NOT correctly matched?
A. Golgi body - ATP synthesis B. Vacuole - water storage C. Ribosome - protein synthesis D. Cell furrow - animal mitosis E. Cilium - 9+2 microtubules
A. Golgi body - ATP synthesis
Carbohydrate-synthesizing reactions of photosynthesis directly require:
A. O2 and H2 D. Light
B. Products of the light reactions E. Darkness
C. Chlorophyll and CO2
B. Products of the light reactions
Unlike the cells of flowering plants, the cells of animals are characterized by which of the following?
A. Mitochondria
B. A nucleus surrounded by a double membrane
C. A plasma membrane surrounded by a non living cell wall
D. Centrioles
E. A single large central vacuole
D. Centrioles
Regarding mitosis and cytokinesis, one difference between higher plants and animals is that in plants:
A. A cell plate begins to form at telophase, whereas in animals a cleavage furrow is initiated at that stage.
B. The spindles contain cellulose microfibrils in addition to microtubules, whereas animal spindles do not contain microfibrils.
C. Sister chromatids are identical, whereas in animals they differ from one another.
D. Spindle poles contain centrioles, whereas spindle poles in animals do not.
E. Chromosomes become attached to the spindle at prophase , whereas in animals chromosomes do not become attached until anaphase.
A. A cell plate begins to form at telophase, whereas in animals a cleavage furrow is initiated at that stage.
All of the following statements are correct regarding the dark reactions of photosynthesis EXCEPT:
A. This reaction begins soon after sundown and ends before sunrise.
B. One of the end products is PGAL (glyceraldehyde phosphate).
C. The energy source utilized is the ATP and NADPH obtained in the light reaction.
D. The pathway used is usually a 3-carbon pathway, although a 4-carbon pathway and an organic acid pathway also exist.
E. The 5-carbon sugar is constantly being regenerated.
A. This reaction begins soon after sundown and ends before sunrise.
When hydrogen ions are pumped out of the mitochondrial matrix, across the inner mitochondrial membrane, and into the outer compartment, the result is:
A. Damage to the mitochondrian
B. The restoration of the Na-K balance across the membrane
C. The reduction of NAD
D. The lowering of pH in the mitochondrial matrix
E. The creation of a proton gradient
E. The creation of a proton gradient
The function of water in photosynthesis is to:
A. Supply electrons in the light-dependent reactions
B. Provide O2 for the light-independent (dark) reactions
C. Absorb light energy
D. Transport H+ ions in the light-dependent (dark) reactions
E. Combine with O2
A. Supply electrons in the light-dependent reactions
Found in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells
A. Centriole D. Peroxisome
B. Lysosome E. Ribosome
C. Nucleolus
E. Ribosome
Possesses a microtubular structure similar in form to a basal body.
A. Centriole D. Peroxisome
B. Lysosome E. Ribosome
C. Nucleolus
A. Centriole
Assembles ribosomal precursors
A. Centriole D. Peroxisome
B. Lysosome E. Ribosome
C. Nucleolus
C. Nucleolus
