The cerebral subcortex Flashcards
(38 cards)
the thalamus acts like?
a relay station for sensory information to cerebral cortex
Ventral posterolateral (VPL) nucleus of thalamus receives sensory information from?
arms and legs
Ventral posteromedial (VPM) nucleus of thalamus receives sensory information from?
face and mouth
Lateral geniculate nucleus is the primary relay center for?
visual information
Medial Geniculate Nucleus is the primary relay center for?
auditory information
The thalamus also appears to play a key role in determing a person’s overall level of?
consciousness, severe damage to thalamus can result in coma
The primary role of basal ganglia is?
either amplify or diminish an initial signal from he motor corex
Parts of basal ganglia? (5)
- the caudate
- the putamen
- the globus pallidus
- the subthalamic nucleus
- the substancia nigra
the caudate and putamen together form?
the dorsal striatum
Two structures which form the dorsal striatum?
the caudate and the putamen
The direct pathway has what effect?
an amplifying of excitatory
The direct pathway includes?
cortex - striatum - internal globus pallidus - thalamus
The indirect pathway has what effect?
a diminishing or inhibitory
The indirect pathway includes?
cortex - striatum - exernal globus pallidus - subthalamic nucleus - internal globus pallidus - thalamus
The caudate is involved in?
motor acivity (goal-oriented) and cognitive functions
The putamen is primary involved in?
motor activity (preparing and executing voluntary movements)
Two components of the globus pallidus and their effects?
an internal part (GPi) and external part (GPe);
internal - inhibitory
external - excitatory
The subthalamic nucleus is a part of what system? Primary function?
the indirect pathway, it serves to ultimately inhibit movements
Damage of the subthalamic nucleus results in?
Hemiballismus - involuntary flailing movements
The substantia nigra uses what neurotransmitter?
dopamine
What does dopamine do in the substantia nigra?
it does not cause movements but it rather facilitates it
Basal ganglia dysfunction leads to?
uneven and uncoordinated and rough movements that are either excessive or insufficient
Posterior limb of the internal capsule contains ?
the corticospinal tract which sends motor signals directly to the muscle groups, bypassing the basal ganglia
the genu of the internal capsule contains?
corticobulbar tracts
