The Climate

Question 1

Weather

Answer 1

Combination of temperature, humidity, precipitation, wind, cloudiness, and other atmospheric conditions at a specific place and time

Question 2

Climate

Answer 2

The long term average patterns of weather

Question 3

All objects omit radiant energy, but the nature of the energy depends on the objects what?

Answer 3

Temperature

Question 4

The _____ The object, the more energetic the omitted photons in the shorter the wavelength of energy

Answer 4

Hotter

Question 5

The sun primarily gets off what kind of radiation?

Answer 5

Shortwave

Question 6

The earths surface gives off what kind of radiation?

Answer 6

Longwave

Question 7

Of the radiation that reaches the top of earths atmosphere what percent makes it to the surface?

Answer 7

51%

Question 8

How many units of solar energy does the atmosphere reflect back

Answer 8

26

Question 9

How many units of solar energy does the atmosphere absorb

Answer 9

19

Question 10

How many units of solar energy does the earths surface reflect back

Answer 10

4

Question 11

How many units of solar energy does the earth surface absorb

Answer 11

51

Question 12

Of the 51 units absorbed by the earth how many are used up and water evaporation

Answer 12

23

Question 13

Of the 51 units absorbed by the earth how many units warm the air near the surface

Answer 13

7

Question 14

Of the 51 units absorbed by the earth how many are absorbed by land and water

Answer 14

21

Question 15

How many units of solar radiation does the earth emit per 51 units absorbed

Answer 15

117

Question 16

Greenhouse effect

Answer 16

The process by which radiation from the planets atmosphere warms the planet surface temperature above what it would be without an atmosphere

Question 17

Because of ________ the earth receives twice as much long with radiation from the atmosphere compared to shortwave radiation from the sun

Answer 17

Greenhouse effect

Question 18

What influences the moisture in the air?

Answer 18

Temperature

Question 19

Absolute humidity

Answer 19

Amount of water in a given volume of air

Question 20

Relative humidity

Answer 20

The amount of water in a given volume of air expressed as a percentage of the saturation vapor pressure

Question 21

Precipitation is determined by

Answer 21

• temperature, wind, and current
• warm trade winds moving toward the equator pick up more water vapor
• rising winds at the equator cool, lowering the water that can be held in the air

Question 22

Proximity to the coast line influences what?

Answer 22

Climate

Question 23

Why do land surface is cool more rapidly than bodies of water?

Answer 23

Water has a high heat capacity: it takes four times more thermal energy to raise water by 1°C compared to land

Question 24

Do you land areas farther from the water experience greater or less seasonal variations in temperature compared to coast

Answer 24

Greater

Question 25

Why does an increase in elevation result in a decrease in temperature?

Answer 25

You are moving away from the main heat source (earth)

Question 26

Microclimates

Answer 26

The local conditions that an organism can live in

Question 27

What factors play a role in micro climate choice?

Answer 27

Age, size, hunger, physiology, predators, health, etc.

Question 28

What are some non-affects of temperature increases

Answer 28

Thermal expansion, ice cap Melt, frost free seasons, biomes will shift

Question 29

Thermal expansion

Answer 29

The tendency of mattered to change shape in response to increases in temperature

Question 30

What are some expected impacts of climate change?

Answer 30

- Temperature will continue to rise - Frost free seasons - Changes in precipitation patterns - More droughts and heat waves - Hurricanes will become stronger and more intense - Sea level rise by 1 to 4’ by 2100 - Arctic likely to become ice free

Question 31

What are some things that climate change has caused in our life

Answer 31

- temperature anomalies - entire ecosystems changing - seasonality Is becoming more sporadic

Question 32

In addition to climate change, what has made things much worse?

Answer 32

Human expansion

Question 33

Climate change’s effects on human health factors

Answer 33

- air quality impacts - temperature related deaths and illness - increase disease transmission

Question 34

Warmer oceans are more likely to create what?

Answer 34

Hurricane conditions

Question 35

What is meant by intensity-frequency trade off?

Answer 35

Weaker storms are forming less frequently; hurricanes are becoming more intense