The development of neutralism Flashcards
(11 cards)
What is ‘neutralism’ in the context of the English Civil War?
Neutralism was the desire of local communities to stay out of the conflict between Royalists and Parliamentarians, avoiding commitment to either side.
Why did many people support neutralism?
To avoid the destruction, taxation, and conscription that came with military occupation and ongoing warfare.
Which regions were most associated with neutralism?
Counties like Yorkshire, Cheshire, and Devon tried to declare neutrality, though these attempts often failed due to pressure from both sides.
What was the Treaty of Neutrality (1642)?
An agreement in Yorkshire to keep the county neutral, made between local Royalist and Parliamentarian leaders, but later rejected by Parliament.
Why did Parliament and the King oppose neutralism?
Both sides needed local support for troops, money, and resources—neutral areas denied them strategic control.
How did the breakdown of royal authority encourage neutralism?
Without strong central control, local gentry and communities took initiative to protect themselves by attempting neutrality.
What role did the gentry play in neutralism?
Many gentry sought to maintain local order and avoid polarisation by promoting peace settlements or neutrality agreements.
How did neutralism affect the overall progress of the war?
It complicated military strategy, slowed mobilisation, and revealed the widespread unpopularity of the war among ordinary people.
Why did most attempts at neutrality fail?
Military pressure from both sides, lack of enforcement, and the strategic importance of territories meant neutrality was unsustainable.
What does the rise of neutralism reveal about attitudes toward the Civil War?
Many people were not ideologically committed to either side; they mainly wanted peace and stability in their communities.
How did neutralism influence post-war politics?
It contributed to disillusionment with both sides and paved the way for stronger calls for peace settlements and political reform.
