The Endocrine System

Question 1

Which 2 systems maintain homeostasis?

Answer 1

Autonomic nervous system

Endocrine system

Question 2

What does the autonomic nervous system and endocrine system maintain?

Answer 2

Homeostasis

Question 3

Which system is mainly involved in rapid changes?

Answer 3

Autonomic Nervous System

Question 4

Which system is mainly involved in slower and more precise adjustments?

Answer 4

Endocrine system

Question 5

State the difference between endocrine and exocrine glands

Answer 5

Endo - secretes hormones into the bloodstream

Exo - secretes substances into cavities via ducts

Question 6

Which gland secretes hormones into the bloodstream?

Answer 6

Endocrine glands

Question 7

Which gland secretes substances into cavities via ducts?

Answer 7

Exocrine Glands

Question 8

What are hormones?

Answer 8

Chemical messengers that are diffused from secretory cells directly into the bloodstream to the target tissue/ organs where it bind to specific receptors.

Question 9

What causes illness to occur?

Answer 9

Disruption to homeostasis

Question 10

Which gland is known as the ‘master gland’?

Answer 10

The pituitary gland

Question 11

Why is the pituitary gland known as the ‘master gland’?

Answer 11

Because it is solely part of the endocrine system

Question 12

Which hormone helps to regulate metabolism?

Answer 12

Thyroxine

Question 13

What is thyroxine?

Answer 13

A hormone which helps regulate metabolism

Question 14

Which hormone helps to regulate calcium levels in the body?

Answer 14

Calcitonin

Question 15

What is calcitonin?

Answer 15

A hormone which regulates the calcium levels in the body

Question 16

Where is calcitonin released from?

Answer 16

The thyroid

Question 17

Which hormone helps to produce red blood cell?

Answer 17

Erythropoietin

Question 18

What is erythropoietin?

Answer 18

A hormone which helps produce red blood cell

Question 19

What is meant by ‘synergistic effect?

Answer 19

When hormomes compliment eachother

Question 20

Which organ controls the release of hormones by the anterior and posterior pituitary gland?

Answer 20

The hypothalamus

Question 21

What is the function and target organ of growth hormone (GH)?

Answer 21

Promotes growth in Muscles and bone

Question 22

What is the function and target organ of Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH)?

Answer 22

Stimulates thyroid gland to produce thyroxine

Question 23

What is the function and target organ of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)?

Answer 23

Regulate levels of the steroid hormone cortisol, which released from the adrenal gland

Question 24

What is the function and target organ of Follicle stimulating hormone?

Answer 24

Thickens uterus lining

Question 25

What is the function and target organ of prolactin?

Answer 25

Targets breasts Stimulates milk production

Question 26

What is the function and target organ of leutinising hormone?

Answer 26

stimulats secretion of oestrogen

Question 27

Which hormone promotes growth in muscles and bones?

Answer 27

Growth hormone

Question 28

Which hormone stimulates thyroid gland to produce thyroxine?

Answer 28

Thyroid stimulating hormone

Question 29

which hormone regulates levels of the steroid hormone cortisol?

Answer 29

Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)

Question 30

Which hormone thickens the uterus lining?

Answer 30

Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)

Question 31

Which hormone stimulates milk production in the breasts?

Answer 31

prolactin

Question 32

Which hormone stimulates the production of Oestrogen?

Answer 32

Luteinising hormone (LH)

Question 33

Which gland releases Thyroid stimulating hormone?

Answer 33

Anterior Pituitary gland

Question 34

Which gland releases Adrenocoticotropic hormone?

Answer 34

Anterior Pituitary gland

Question 35

Which gland releases prolactin?

Answer 35

Anterior Pituitary gland

Question 36

Which gland releases Follicle stimulating hormone?

Answer 36

Anterior Pituitary gland

Question 37

Which gland releases Luteinising hormone?

Answer 37

Anterior Pituitary gland

Question 38

Which gland releases Growth hormone?

Answer 38

Anterior Pituitary gland

Question 39

What is the function of anti - diuretic hormone?

Answer 39

Increase water retention of the kidneys

Question 40

What is the function of oxytocin?

Answer 40

Promotes uterus contraction in women

Question 41

Which hormone increases water retntion of the kidneys?

Answer 41

Anti- diuretic hormone (ADH)

Question 42

Which hormone promotes uterus contraction in women?

Answer 42

Oxytocin

Question 43

Which gland releases Anti-diuretic hormone?

Answer 43

Posterior pituitary gland

Question 44

Which gland produces oxytocin?

Answer 44

Posterior pituitary gland

Question 45

List some differences between the anterior and posterior pituitary gland?

Answer 45

Anterior is much larger than posterior Posterior stores hormone made by the hypothalamus

Question 46

What is the T4 thyroid hormone?

Answer 46

Thyroxine

Question 47

What is the T3 thyroid hormone?

Answer 47

Triiodothrynonine

Question 48

Which thyroid hormone is more active?

Answer 48

T3

Question 49

What is the difference between T4 and T3?

Answer 49

It is linked more strongly to carrier proteins in blood T3 is more active and is mainly what increases metabolism T4 is converted to T3

Question 50

Where is T4 converted into T3?

Answer 50

Target cells

Question 51

What results from a calorigenic effect?

Answer 51

increased basal metabolic rate increased oxygen consumption increased production of body heat

Question 52

What hormone does the parathyroid glands release?

Answer 52

parathormone

Question 53

What gland produces parathormone?

Answer 53

Parathyroid glands

Question 54

What does Parthormone do?

Answer 54

regulates calcium levels in the body

Question 55

What are glucocorticoids?

Answer 55

A group of hormones that exert their major effect on the metabolism of carbohydrates.

Question 56

What are mineraocorticoids?

Answer 56

A group of hormones released by the adrenal glands that exert their effect on the electrolytes and water balance in the body.

Question 57

What is the name for a group of hormones released by the adrenal glands that exert their effect on the electrolytes and water balance in the body?

Answer 57

mineralocorticoids

Question 58

What is the name for a group of hormones that exert their major effect on the metabolism of carbohydrates?

Answer 58

Glucocorticoids

Question 59

What is the difference between adrenaline and noradrenaline?

Answer 59

Adrenaline causes widespread vasoconstriction Adrenaline causes vasocnstriction in the skin and viscera but vasodilation in skeletal muscles.