The Respiratory System

Question 1

List some of the main functions of the respiratory system

Answer 1

Maintain Cardiovascular sytem

Maintain Neurological system

Maintain GI system

Help metabolis

Maintain blood pH blood level – The respiratory system helps to eliminate CO2 from the blood.

Homeostatic system

regulate acid - base in the blood

deliver oxygen to the cells

Question 2

What is another word for the conducting zone?

Answer 2

anatomical deadspace

Question 3

What is the conducting zone?

Answer 3

Portion of the airway not involved in the exchange of O2 and CO2

Question 4

What is the respiratory zone

Answer 4

The portion of lung tissue involved in gas exchange

Question 5

What is the name for the potion of lung tissue involved in gas exchange?

Answer 5

The respiratory zone

Question 6

What is the name for the potion of airway which is not involved in gas exchange?

Answer 6

the conducting zone

Question 7

How does noradrenaline affect smooth muscle?

Answer 7

It causes smooth muscle to relax

Question 8

How does acetylcholine affect smooth muscle?

Answer 8

it causes smooth muscle to contract

Question 9

What is the definition of exhalation (at rest)?

Answer 9

Passive process due to increase pressure within the lungs

Question 10

Which zone does alveoli belong?

Answer 10

respiratory zone

Question 11

What nerve supplies the diaphragm?

Answer 11

phrenic nerve

Question 12

What organ does the phrenic nerve affect?

Answer 12

the diaphram

Question 13

Which organs and tissues are actively involved in increasing the volume of the thorax?

Answer 13

the phrenic nerve

diaphragm

intercostal muscles

Question 14

Where are the pleural membranes located?

Answer 14

Between the outside surface of the lungs and the inside the surface of the thorax

Question 15

What lies between the outside surface of the lungs and the inside the surface f the thorax?

Answer 15

Pleural membranes

Question 16

What does carbonic acid formation promotes the release of?

Answer 16

oxygen from oxyhaemoglobin

Question 17

What causes oxygen to be released from oxyhaemoglobin?

Answer 17

carbonic acid formation

Question 18

What is the rimary site of gas exchange?

Answer 18

The alveoli

Question 19

Where is oxyhaemoglobin found?

Answer 19

oxygenated blood

Question 20

Which enzyme converts bicarbnate into carbon dioxide?

Answer 20

carbonic anyhydrase

Question 21

Which layer contains cilia and mucous producing goblet cells?

Answer 21

Epithilial lining

Question 22

What type of cells does the epthelial lining contain?

Answer 22

goblet cells

Question 23

List some functions of the upper airways

Answer 23

Filter bacteria

warm/ humidify

speech

Question 24

What is Hypercapnia?

Answer 24

High levels of carbon dioxide in the body

Question 25

What i used to decribe high levels of carbon dioxide in the body?

Answer 25

Hypercapnia

Question 26

What is the function of the uvula?

Answer 26

prevents food from being expelled through the nose

Question 27

What structure prevents food from being expelled through the nose?

Answer 27

Uvula

Question 28

What is the function of the epiglottis?

Answer 28

The soft Tissue (flap) which covers the trachea. This stops food from entering the trachea.

Question 29

What structure stops food from entering the trachea?

Answer 29

Epiglottis

Question 30

How many lobes are their on the right lung?

Answer 30

3

Question 31

How many lobes doe the left lung have?

Answer 31

2

Question 32

Which lung has 2 lobes?

Answer 32

left

Question 33

Which lobe has 3 lobes?

Answer 33

right

Question 34

List structure that provide protection to the respiratory system

Answer 34

Epiglottis Uvula Cilia

Question 35

What are surfactants?

Answer 35

A detergent - like substance manufactured by cells of the alveoli, which reduces surface tension and increases lung compliance

Question 36

What is tidal volume?

Answer 36

The volume of air that passes in and out of the lungs during one breath.

Question 37

What is functional residual capacity?

Answer 37

volume of air present in the lungs at the end of passive expiration

Question 38

What is inspiratory capacity?

Answer 38

The volume of air that can be inspired after a normal expiration - the sum of the tidal volume and inspiratory reserve volume.

Question 39

What is vital capacity?

Answer 39

The maximum potential for inspiration and expiration, measured in litres.

Question 40

What is residual rvolume?

Answer 40

A small amount of air that permanently remains in the lungs

Question 41

What is total lung capacity?

Answer 41

The maximum of air that passes in and out of the lungs during one breath