The Final Emt Deck Flashcards
(323 cards)
1
Q
Patient with hypertension may experience
A
Dizziness, syncope, altered sensorium
2
Q
Least likely symptom for hypothermia
A
Low blood pressure
3
Q
Best position for a patient with hypotension
A
Supine
4
Q
Aortic aneurysms can present with regarding pulse
A
Unequal pulses, in arms or legs
5
Q
What is the least likely to cause chest pain?
A
Anaphylaxis
6
Q
Crackle heard on auscultation indicate
A
 Fluid in the lungs
7
Q
Most effective treatment for exertional heat, stroke in the field 
A
 Cold water, immersion
8
Q
Pulmonary edema comes from what shock
A
Cardiogenic
9
Q
Patience with cardiac problems don’t let him in what position
A
 Supine
10
Q
Increased jugular, venous pressure, muffled heart sounds pulses, paradoxus in shock are strong, suggestions of
A
Cardiac tomponade
11
Q
Don’t do the Heimlich maneuver on
A
Pregnant females instead commence chest thrusts
12
Q
What does wheezing mean?
A
Whistling, sound heard during inspiration or expiration
13
Q
Vocal cord dysfunction causes one on inspiration
A
Wheezing
14
Q
Foreign body obstruction will cause
A
Stridor
15
Q
Gastric detention is more common in who
A
Children
16
Q
Proliferation phase of menstrual cycle occurs when it is caused by what
A
First two weeks, Astrid S
17
Q
Urinary frequency is the need to
A
Urinate many times in a day, but a normal or less than normal volumes
18
Q
Strangury
A
Slow, painful unintentional passage of small volumes of urine
19
Q
Nocturnia
A
Frequent night time urination
20
Q
Sitting a patient up to watch their blood pressure
A
Lower
21
Q
Chronic kidney disease affects all systems of the body, and may cause a reoccurring
A
Infection, anemia, and heart failure
22
Q
Third trimester, abdominal pain equals
A
Abrupto placenta
23
Q
Children maintain adequate blood pressure for white more than adults, but they decompensate what
A
Longer than adults faster
24
Q
Blood pressure is not a reliable indicator of perfusion, in
A
pediatrics
25
Front of the body is antomical called
Anterior
26
Name of the cardiac cells, ability to generate it on electrical impulse
I, automaticity
27
Focal electrical site that causes the ventricles to contract is called
Atrioventricular
28
Which gland is most affected by diabetes
 The pancreas
29
Playing it by the body into left and right side
Sagittal
30
Proximal versus distal
Proximal means closer to the trunk of the body, while distal means further away
31
Nitro has a what effect on vessels ? It’s decreases what ? And increases what
Dilates vessels , decreases cardiac workload and increase blood flow
32
Ventricular fibrillation is a condition affecting which system of the heart
Mechanical
33
Moderate hypothermia is between what temp
80 to 90°
34
When it comes to hypothermia, the absence of shivering means, the patient has moved beyond what stage
Mild stage
35
When cooling a heat stroke, patient ice packs must be applied to
Auxiliary, cervical, and growing areas
36
Average adult has how many liters of blood
5 to 6
37
If blood is lost as a result of a traumatic injury, the result may be a condition called
Hyperfusion syndrome, or traumatic shock, which is inadequate circulation of blood through an organ
38
Emt must immediately stop loss of blood, but the MT must always secure watch first
Airway
39
Classic sign of hypovolemic shock is
Dropping blood pressure
40
Chest wound accompanied by gurgling sounds, and I thought the blood indicate that the lungs has been
Penetrated this could lead to severe collapse of the lung or pneumothorax
41
Regarding occlusive dressing, how many sides would you use for Chest and neck .. abdomen
3, 4
42
Treatment for burns first
Remove any burning clothing/jewelry, poor copious, amount of water or saline and be alert for a word compromise
43
Third thing to do regarding burns
Check patient’s temperature, manage any hypothermia or dehydration, give a supplement oxygen
44
Avoid placing Npa’s, when
Facial trauma
45
Paradoxical motion, during respiration means
 Opposite of what happened to normally breathing so when you breathe in your chest falls when you breathe out, your chest rises
46
Flail chest is a major trauma treat with
Hi blue oxygen be a nonrebreather be alert for respiratory failure
47
Chest injury that is bubbling is called
sucking chest wound dress with a three sided occlusive dressing
48
Close chest wounds are caused by blunt traumas to the heart, a serious condition which is called
Cardiac tamponade
49
Visceral pain
Dull in nature . Nature typically intermediate, patient is not able to identify where it’s coming from.
50
Parietal pain
Sharp, stabbing, localizing nature patient can often directly identify where it’s coming from
51
Patient with gallbladder issues may have pain in the
, right shoulder
52
Tearing and ripping pain
Often associated with ulcers and abdominal aortic aneurysms
53
Circumferential means
All the way around
54
For us, I can trust Bone the priority is to prevent entry of excess air into the thoracic cavity by
Applying occlusive dressing
55
If no respiration rate or being unresponsive is given in a scenario regarding sucking Chess wound then apply what first
occlusive dressing?
56
Pain to the neck as you apply pressure to the soles of the feet indicate some type of pressure to
Spinal cord
57
High core body temperature resulting from infection, may cause pediatric seizures they referred to as
Febrile seizures
58
Dehydration will coincide with White regarding young children because they have much lower blood supplies than adult
Hypoperfusion
59
Low blood pressure in a pediatric patient is a late sign of what
Shock
60
Tubes in a place inside the skull to divert excessive fluid to either the stomach or to a reservoir on the side of the neck. If this device fails, the patient will present with signs of brain injury. What is this called?
Shunt
61
Neonates - age
infants
Toddler
Preschooler
School age
Adolescent
Born - 4 weeks
4 weeks to 1
1-3
3/6
6-10
11- 18
62
Infants, airways, proportionally, what than that of an adolescent
Smaller
63
What type of respirator should not be used in pediatrics?
Oxygen power manual respirators
64
The vagina is called the cervix which is blocked by White during pregnancy
Mucus plug
65
Perineum is what
The area of skin that extends from the anus to the scrotum, or the vuvla in females
66
Shock management includes
Keeping the patient warm, providing oxygen, vaginal bleeding and constantly assassin vitals
67
Ectopic pregnancies
Egg is fertilized outside the uterus most commonly happens in fallopian tubes , 1st trimester,
68
Pre eclampsia
High bp , begins week 20
69
Eclampsia
seizures that occur in pregnant people with preeclampsia. Symptoms of eclampsia are high blood pressure, headaches, blurry vision and convulsions
70
Supine hypotension syndrome
Compression of the inferior vena cava and aorta by fetus . symptoms last 3 to 10 minutes after laying down and include tachycardia Diaphoresis nausea, vomiting, weakness
71
tachycardia, hypertension, headache, anxiety, apprehension, palpitations, diaphoresis, nausea, vomiting, weakness, and tremors are side effects of. ?
epinephrine
72
Flank pain has many possible causes,
including a kidney stone, a urinary tract infection, or back strain.
73
CPR uses chest compressions to mimic how the heart pumps.
These compressions help keep
blood flowing throughout the body.
74
Bronchospasm, bronchial edema, and increased mucus production in the lower airways best describe the pathophysiology of:
Asthma
75
During shock, the blood vessels contract, making the skin:
Cold
76
No breath sounds on the right side in this context suggest
collapsed lung either from penumothorax or hemothorax. This condition would make oxygenation of the blood difficult so high flow oxygen should be provided.
77
The trachea divides into the two main ? The right bronchus is ?? and more vertical than the left, thus aspiration material is more likely to end up in the ??
bronchi
shorter, wider
right lung.
78
crackling sounds that can occur when air is forced into collapsed aveoli or there is fluid in the aveoli.
Rales
79
are low pitched snoring sounds that are a sign of larger airway obstruction.
Rhonchi
80
Vesicular is a general term that describes
Normal lung sounds
81
pulse oximetry cannot distinguish carboxyhemoglobin from
oxyhemoglobin
82
respiratory failure, inadequate alveolar ventilation is exhibited
Decrease in or excessively high respiratory
rate
2. Decrease in tidal volume (or both)
3. Patients in respiratory failure are severely ill
83
constriction of the airways and increased mucus production,
Asthma
84
best indicates that a patient is in respiratory failure?
inadequate rate and/or tidal volume.
85
respiratory distress signs
Intercostal retractions
Tachypnea
Stridor
86
most common cause of pediatric bradycardia
Hypoxia
87
Administering excessive tidal volume with a bag-valve-mask device can result in:
Too much tidal volume results in an increase in intrathoracic pressure, which impairs the venous return of the blood to the right side of the heart, thereby decreasing preload.
88
Peripheral cyanosis is the
bluish discoloration of the distal extremities (Hands, fingertips, toes),
89
signs and symptoms of a possible left ventricle (or systolic) heart failure. The pump portion of the heart is unable to pump efficiently and ??? and often cases into the ???
fluid begins to back up into the lungs
peripheral tissue.
90
What ventricular failure can cause jugular venous distention, ascites, and peripheral edema, but usually not pulmonary edema.
Right
91
What can cause acute right sided heart failure
Pulmonary embolism
92
Ascites
Abdominal swelling caused by accumulation of fluid, most often related to liver disease.
93
Formerly referred to as "blood agents," these actually have no impact on the blood. They work by preventing the use of oxygen within the body's cells, and therefore are cellular asphyxiants.
Cyanides.
94
situated or extending between the ribs.
Inter coastal
95
Ventilation is determined by
respiratory rate and tidal volume.
96
gastroenteritis
An intestinal infection marked by diarrhea, cramps, nausea, vomiting, and fever.
97
When a patient has a second or subsequent seizures without waking up, this is classified as
Status epilepticus
98
Where are the adrenal glands located?
On top of kidneys
99
Esophageal varices
Abnormal veins in the lower part of the tube running from the throat to the stomach.
100
Obtundation is a state similar
lethargy
101
A low pulse
pressure usually indicate low stroke volume as in trauma patients with?
significant blood loss or heart failure/cardiogenic shock patients.
102
A low pulse pressure can also be caused by
aortic valve stenosis and cardiac tamponade.
103
A pulse pressure is considered abnormally low (or narrow) if it is less than
25% of the systolic value.
104
Aortic requig, anemia, arteriosclerosis hyperthyroid and sepsis could happen when you see what with the pulse ?
Widening of pulse greater than 40
105
Cardiogenic shock, , bleeding a lot , aortic stenosis and cardiac tamponade could happen when what happens to the pulse ?
It narrows . Les than 40
106
The initial electrical impulse in the normal functioning heart originates in the what node.
sinoatrial node
107
atrioventricular node (AVN) is a
electrical gatekeeper between the atria and ventricles and introduces a delay between atrial and ventricular excitation, allowing for efficient ventricular
108
Angioplasty
When they go in and cleanup your arteries due to peripheral artery disease.
109
cyanosis typically indicates
hypoxia (lack of oxygen).
110
Pale skin: could mean
anemia (low blood cells), dehydration, or shock. It means the body either doesn't have enough red blood cells or is not allowing blood to flow all the way to the skin.
111
Jaundice: Yellow discoloration of the skin is a sign of
acute or chronic liver disease.
112
Flushed skin: This can indicate
too much blood flow to the surface of the skin. Heat overexposure and fever can cause the same as the body re-routes the blood to the surface to release heat. (2)
113
if the hot leg is also swollen and red.
This could be a sign of
deep vein thrombosis
(DVT) or cellulitis
114
cellulitis
potentially serious bacterial skin infection redness of skin
115
Hot skin: An indicator of
or indicate fever or a systemic infection if the entire body is hot.
116
Cool skin: A sign of
poor circulation.
Causes include obesity, heart failure, hypothermia, diabetes, hypothyroidism (low thyroid function), and sepsis.
117
Tidal volume refers to:
The amount of air a person inhales and expires with each brath when they are breathing at rest is called tidal volume. Adequate tidal volume in an adult is approximately 500 CC.
118
When manually ventilating a patient with a pulse, you should squeeze the bag every seconds for an adult and every
seconds
for a child.
To maintain adequate perfusion, manual ventilation should be performed at a rate of 1 breath every 5 to 6 sec in an adult, for a total of
10 - 12 breaths per minute. In a child, manual ventilation should be performed at a rate of 1 breath every 3 to 5 sec, for a total of 12 to 20 breaths per minute.
119
Shock and hypoperfusion both relate to
lack of oxygenated blood flow to areas of the body.
120
Respiratory failure is a medical term for
inadequate gas exchange by the respiratory system. Respiratory failure can be indicated by observing a drop in 02 saturation and breathing rate / quality.
121
A decrease in stroke volume results in decreases in
cardiac output and blood pressure. Insufficient cardiac output can cause patient to go into cardiogenic shock.
122
Pale, Cool, skin suggests a lack of
oxygen or hypoperfusion of the tissue.
123
cirrhosis
Liver damage due to drinking
124
If a patient is hypotensive; sitting the patient
Would worsen his blood pressure.
125
Patients with septic shock tend to be regarding temp
warm to touch as it is a vasodilatory state.
126
patients with cardiogenic and hypovolemic shock tends to be regarding temp
cold to touch due to the peripheral vasoconstriction.
127
Fever is a sign of
Infection
128
Edema to the legs or sacrum is often a result of right-sided
congestive heart failure.
129
most common cause of ascites is
cirrhosis of the liver.
130
An elevated JVP suggests a
Cardiac cause ( left side heart failure )
131
dry, hacking cough, or coughing up pink frothy sputum, shortness of breath, orthopnea, paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea, and fatigue. Are symptoms of
Left side heart failure
132
Pedal enema and JVD are usually indications of
Right side heart failure
133
Pulmonary edema is usually an indication of
Left sided heart failure
134
Distributive Shock (DS) is caused by
systematic vasodilation.( mechanism to enhance blood flow to areas of the body that are lacking oxygen and/or nutrients)
135
acute hypoglycaemia would lead to
Insulin shock
136
Distributive shock or
vasodilatory shock is a medical emergency where your body can't get enough blood to
Heart brains and kidneys
137
Distributive shock or
vasodilatory shock happens because ?
blood vessels are extremely dilated (flaccid or relaxed), which brings down your blood pressure and cuts down on how much blood can get to your organs.
138
Skin rash.
• Fast heart rate and breathing.
• Low blood pressure.
• Warm arms and legs.
• Skin that starts out warm and then turns cold and clammy.
• Fever.
• Chills.
• Pain in your belly.
Are signs of what shock
Disruptive
139
Rapid breathing.
• Severe shortness of breath.
• Sudden, rapid heartbeat (tachycardia)
• Loss of consciousness.
• Weak pulse.
• Low blood pressure (hypotension)
• Sweating.
• Pale skin. Sign of ??
Cardiogenic shock
140
Breathing faster than normal.
• Feeling confused or anxious.
• Sweating a lot.
• Passing out.
• Having skin that feels cool.
• Feeling weak.
• Having a low temperature and low blood pressure.
• Having a fast pulse. Sign of
Hypovolemic shock
141
cold, clammy extremities; a feeble or absent peripheral pulse; severe tachycardia (or bradycardia in late shock); a PP < 20 mm Hg; or a low systolic blood pressure (SBP) for age.
decompensated shock
142
What It constricts blood vessels, dilates the bronchioles and speeds up the heart
Epinephrine
143
What is meant by systolic blood pressure?
pressure exerted against the walls of arteries when the left ventricle contracts
144
clinical finding consistent with decompensated drop is a sudden
decrease in blood pressure, tachypnea, and continued elevation of the heart rate
145
Activated charcoal is not recommended for patients who have ingested an
acid, alkali, or petroleum product.
146
Peripheral vasodilation allows the body to?? body heat.
dissipate
147
Peripheral vasoconstriction allows the body to?? body heat.
conserve
148
Shivering helps the body to generate
Body heat
149
Acute gastroenteritis may be caused by
bacterial or viral ingestion, toxic ingestion, or ingestion of lactose in a lactose intolerant patient. Signs and symptoms include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and abdominal cramping.
150
What is responsible for regulating metabolism,
Thyroid hormone
151
What does the following expression equal: tidal volume × respiratory rate?
Minute volume
152
What would happen to a patient with a low level of insulin?
Glucose would remain on the outside of the cell and would not be broken down.
153
adult dose for activated charcoal?
50-100 g
154
prefix phlebo means?
Veins
155
febrile seizure is typically associated
Fever
156
Your patient is showing signs of accessory muscles and nasal flaring. You suspect:
Respiratory distress
157
warm, red, dry skin: equals
Hyperglycemia
158
Atropine treats
Bradycardi
159
"Ipsilateral" means:
Same side of the midline
160
epinephrine dosage for cardiac arrest?
.5 - 1 mg
161
sound typically associated with an obstructed airway is:
 Snoring
162
most commonly transmitted via the oral/fecal route?
Hep a
163
Hepatitis B is transmitted via
Body fluids blood, semen
164
Hepatitis C is transmitted via
Blood
165
hypoxia mean?
Low oxygen in body tissue
166
Where would you find the peritoneum?
Abs
167
costal arch is:
cartilage connecting ribs
168
abduct means to
Move away from midline
169
least-likely cause of altered LOR is:
Heart attack
170
Leaking blood vessels and vasodilation due to infection is what shock
Septic shock
171
manubrium is the upper portion of the.
sternum
172
is not a typical sign of non-neurogenic compensated shock?
Bradycardia
173
Ryan White CARE Act deals with
Life-threatening diseases
174
Insulin helps cells receive
Glucose does not turn sugar into glucose
175
"eclampsia"?
Seizures related to pregnancy .. Eclampsia is the onset of seizures (convulsions) in a woman with preeclampsia.
176
Preeclampsia is a complication during pregnancy characterized by
high blood pressure and signs of damage to another organ system, often the kidneys.
177
Vasodilated
lumen of the blood vessels increases in size, causing decreased blood
pressure
178
Vasoconstricted -
lumen of the blood vessel decreases in size, causing increased blood
pressure
179
Petechiae
small purpuric lesions up to 2 mm in diameter caused by capillary bleed under the skin (looks like small purple bruises)
180
Purpura
purpuric lesions bigger than petechiae often can be raised on the skin due to inflammation from irritated blood vessels (may be a result of vasculitis or capillaritis).
181
Ecchymotic
- A contusion or bruise - caused by damaged blood vessels under that skin, initially visually a large purple, often due to soft tissue blunt trauma. As an ecchymotic area begins to heal, the colors will lighten to a yellow.
182
Paradoxical undressing
behavior a patient with extreme hypothermia takes their clothing off (the brain tells the nervous system that the person is overheated)
183
Tenting
pinch the back of the skin. How long does it take for the skin to settle down.
184
Adsorbents/Antidotes
*Activated Charcoal
• Naloxone
185
Anticoagulants/Antiplatelet Aggregates
Aspirin
186
Bronchodilators
•
о
•
Albuterol
*Epinephrine/Epi-Pen
*prairopium Bromide/ Atrovent
187
Hyperglycemic Agent
Oral Glucose
• *Glucagon
188
Sympathomimetics
Epinephrine/Epi-Pen
189
Vasodilators
Nitroglycerin
190
What reduces platelet aggregation in the coronary arteries pill wise ?
Aspirin
191
What is the membrane that covers the heart called?
Epicardium
192
decubitus ulcers
Decubitus ulcers are open skin wounds that occur when a patient is in the same position for long periods without being moved. They are also called pressure sores, bedsores, and pressure ulcers.
193
Moon-shaped face, weight gain, and fat accumulation in the back and shoulders are symptoms of
Cushing's syndrome
194
two types of cerebral vascular accidents
ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke.
195
Signs of a basilar skull fracture include
cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) drainage from the ears, which indicates rupture of the tympanic membrane in the ear.
196
Symptoms of asthma most often include
wheezing, shortness of breath, and coughing
197
symptoms related to compensated shock.
narrowing pulse pressure, clammy skin
198
symptoms of decompensated shock.
absent peripheral pulses, mottled skin
dilated pupils, poor urinary output
labored breathing, cyanosis
199
pink sputum, this indicates that they are suffering from what?
Pulmonary edema
200
typical sign of compensated shock?
Rapid heartbeat
201
perineum
Area between butt hole and vagina
202
peritoneum
membrane that forms the lining of the abdominal cavity.
203
plantarflex means to:
Point the toes downward
204
dromotropy refers
Conductivity of a Nerve Fiber
205
Hepatitis B is caused by a
Virus
206
You have a patient with hypoxia, decreased breath sounds on one side, and tracheal deviation. You suspect:
Tenzing Pneumothorax
207
membrane surrounds each lung?
Pleura
208
Pressure on the carotid artery can result in the
slowing of the heart
209
mnemonic N.A.V.E.L. used for?
"Drugs that can be administered via an ET tube"). Narcan, Atropine, Valium, Epinephrine, and Lidocaine are the key drugs that can be administered via an ET tube.
210
"Inferior" refers to
Below
211
Dorsal means
 Back
212
Differing blood pressures in each arm, as well as the description of a sharp, tearing pain between the shoulder blades, may indicate an
aortic dissection.
213
Any injury or damage to hollow organs usually leads to
Infection
214
not a cause of JVD?
Dehydration
215
Ventral refers to
Belly
216
"Lateral" means:
Towards sides
217
patient with a tubo-ovarian abscess may present with severe
abdominal pain, guarding of the abdomen, nausea and vomiting, fever, and abdominal distention.
218
Endometritis is
inflammation of the uterine lining.
219
Postcoital bleeding refers
spotting or bleeding that occurs after intercourse and is not related to menstruation.
220
rhabdomyolysis
breakdown of muscle tissue that releases a damaging protein into the blood.
221
37 cel = what in f
98.6
222
Epididymitis
Inflammation of the tube at the back of the testicle that stores and carries sperm.
223
What is paradoxical pulse?
paradoxus is a phenomenon when your blood pressure decreases with inhalation (breathing in). It's a sign that you have a condition that affects your heart or lungs.
224
perineum?
Groin
225
beta cells of the pancreas produce:
Insulin Hormone
226
diabetic emergencies would you expect to find cold, pale, moist, or clammy skin:
Hypoglycemia
227
effects of epinephrine?
Bronchodilation and Vasoconstriction
228
"status epilepticus"?
Seizures lasting 5+ minutes
229
not typically considered a sign or symptom of hypoglycemia?
Vomiting
230
"wheezing" typically refers to which type of airway obstruction?
Lower
231
Rhinorrhea
Runny nose
232
lacrimation
Tears
233
Pulsus paradoxus
phenomenon when your blood pressure decreases with inhalation (breathing in).
234
Pleural effusion
buildup of fluid between the tissues that line the lungs and the chest.
235
Priapism
prolonged erection of the penis, usually without sexual arousal.
236
Malaria
A disease caused by a plasmodium parasite, transmitted by the bite of infected mosquitoes.
237
Stomach ulcer
Also called: peptic ulcer
sore that develops on the lining of the esophagus, stomach, or small intestine.
Ulcers occur when stomach acid damages the lining of the digestive tract.
238
Mallory-Weiss tear
tear of the tissue of your lower esophagus. It is most often caused by violent coughing or vomiting.
239
Diverticulitis
An inflammation or infection in one or more small pouches in the digestive tract.
240
pre-eclampsia progresses, it may cause:
severe headaches. vision problems, such as blurring or seeing flashing lights. pain just below the ribs.
241
Eclampsia
Seizures that occur during a woman's pregnancy or shortly after giving birth.
Eclampsia can follow a condition of high blood pressure and excess protein in the urine during pregnancy (preeclampsia).
242
typical sign of neurogenic shock?
Bradycardi and low bp
243
receptor plays a role in maintaining blood pressure?
Baroreceptors
244
Vasopressin is an alternative to:
Epi
245
Normal resting heart rate for an adult
60-100
246
not an early sign of hypoperfusion?
Hypotension
247
Heatstroke is caused by prolonged
exposure to high temperatures or by doing physical activit in hot weather. Heatstroke is defined as a body temperature of 104 F (40 C) or higher.
248
not a sign or symptom of an allergic reaction?
Hypertension
249
correctly perform the Heimlich maneuver on an adult, you should place your hand:
Between the navel and xiphoid process
250
Proximal refers to:
Closer to trunk
251
voice box is really the:
Larynx
252
congestive heart failure is
condition where the heart is unable to pump enough
oxygenated blood to the body.
253
Plasma transports
platelets, red and white blood cells.
254
Bleeding into the cardiac muscle can result in signs and symptoms that mimic a
myocardial infarction.
255
narrow pulse pressure leads to
cardiac tamponade,
256
Respiratory failure is characterized by
inadequate rate and/or tidal volume.
257
characteristic of respiratory distress.
Tachypnea
Stridor
Intercostal retractions
258
Respiratory failure can be indicated by observing a
drop in 02 saturation and breathing rate / quality.
259
inability to move enough air required for adequate perfusion is known as what?
Respiratory failure
260
Pedal enema and JVD are usually indications of
Right sided heart failure
261
Pulmonary edema is usually an indication of
Left sided heart failure
262
Shock, (which is also known as
hypo perfusion)
263
major cause of shock?
Inadequate tissue perfusion
264
continuous pumping left ventricular assist device (LVAD)
should expect which finding?
Inability to palpate a Palse
265
classic signs of cardiac compromise:
dull chest pain, sudden onset of sweating, and difficulty breathing.
266
Obstructive shock is caused by a mechanical
obstruction which prevents an adequate volume of blood to fill the heart chambers.
267
three most common examples of obstructive shock due to pump failure are
cardiac tamponade, tension pneumothorax, and pulmonary embolism.
268
fractured ilium.
Hip
269
Crepitus to the thorax and paradoxical motion are common signs of
flail chest and can lead to hypoxia. A
270
ruptured spleen and femur fractures would most likely lead
hypovolemia,
271
Hypoglycemia, low blood sugar, can happen
Quickly
272
"ischium" is located in the:
Pelvis
273
Hypertension, erratic respirations, and slowing heart rate may indicate:
Cushings triad (icp)
274
When the body experiences strenuous activity, it begins to heat up. It cools itself through several mechanisms, including secreting sweat
-diaphoresis -and allowing it to evaporate. If that fluid is not replaced, the body becomes dehydrated and leads to
Heat exhaustion
275
Diverticulitis is similar to appendicitis but it is usually
Left sided
276
warm, dry skin and poor skin turgor. You also note a fruity odor on the patient's breath. She is most likely suffering from:
Diabetic keto acidosis(DKA)
277
What May be caused by bacterial or viral ingestion, toxic ingestion, or ingestion of lactose in a lactose intolerant patient. Signs and symptoms include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and abdominal cramping.
Acute gastroenteritis
278
What shock results in epinephrine release that results in tachycardia and cool, pale, diaphoretic skin.
Hypovolemic
279
findings would best help you differentiate a tension pneumothorax from a cardiac tamponade?
A narrowed pulse pressure,
280
Narrowing pulse pressure, clammy skin signs of what shock
Compensated shock
281
The MOl, signs of paralysis, and poor tidal volume, along with a low blood pressure and a near normal heart rate, point to a
neurologic shoke
282
Increased cranial pressure would what the respiratory rate,
Lower
283
The degree that a patient is suffering from hypothermia is in direct correlation with what?
Decreasing mental status or motor function
284
jugular vein distention, muffled heart sounds, and narrowing pulse pressure, referred to as Beck triad lead to what
cardiac tamponade
285
high-capacity chain-smoker, and over-weight. Think
Coronary Artery Disease
286
the body's immune system attacking its own insulin producing pancreatic cells?
Type 1 diabetes
287
jugular veins are flat, what is this a sign of?
Blood lose
288
nephro- mean?
Pertaining to the kidneys
289
Bleeding into the cardiac muscle can result in signs and symptoms that mimic a
Heart attack
290
Hemoptysis describes spitting up
blood from the respiratory system.
291
hematemesis describes vomiting blood from
gastrointestinal system.
292
Colitis
inflammatory reaction in the colon, often autoimmune or infectious.
293
Coffee ground emesis is very specific to upper
gastrointestinal bleeding.
294
maroon colored stool or bright red blood per rectum
Lower gi bleed
295
Hematochezia
blood mixed in the stool. It is usually sign of an lower
gastrointestinal bleed.
296
Kidney stones will cause hematuria which is blood
Urine
297
Gastric ulcer usually will cause melena as it is an
Upper gi bleed
298
Pancytopenia is a reduction in
number of red and white blood cells, and platelets.
299
Hemophagocytic Syndrome is severe hyperinflammation caused by
uncontrolled spread of infection to lymphocytes.
300
low blood pressure, swollen neck veins, and muffled heart sounds.
Becks triad
301
Jvd what size heart failure
Right side heart failure
302
Prolonged vomiting and diarrhea can lead to what shoke
Hypovolemic
303
Diarrheal illnesses such as Norovirus are spread
By contact
304
A simple pneumothorax, Choice 4, would not produce
Jvd
305
No tachycardia in
Crushing triad
306
Peritonitis
Inflammation of the membrane lining the abdominal wall and covering the abdominal organs.
307
pyelonephritis.
type of urinary tract infection that usually starts in the bladder and ascends to the kidneys.
308
Kidney stones generally causes pain that radiate from the
Flank to groin
309
Cystitis also called
Uti bladder infection
310
Status epilepticus is defined as a seizure lasting more than
5 mins
311
cholecystitis,
inflammation of the gallbladder, right upper quadrant.
312
peptic ulcer,
Bleeding within stomach where the blood is digested by the stomach's acid. This causes any hematemesis to appear dark and have a coffee-ground-like texture.
313
The nephron is the structural and functional unit that creates and transports
Urine
314
you have a patient who is breathing spontaneously, during inhalation, their diaphragm and intercostal muscles contract.
There would be a
decrease in pressure in their thorax and air is pulled in rather than pushed.
315
this patient becomes too bradycardic or tachicardic, they may go
unconscious due to inadequate perfusion.
316
Distributive Shock (DS) is caused by
systematic vasodilation.
317
Hypothyroidism
by too little thyroid hormone, which regulates metabolism, causing a hypoactive metabolism and leading to a waxy and swollen appearance, cold intolerance, hypothermia, hypotension, and bradycardia.
318
Specifically, the adrenal glands produce insufficient amounts of the hormone cortisol and sometimes aldosterone, too. When the body is under stress (e.g. fighting an infection), this deficiency of cortisol can result in a life threatening Addisonian crisis characterized by low blood pressure.
Addison disease
319
Status epilepticus is a seizure that:
Begins again after one seizure stops without the patient regaining consciousness.
320
Flank pain is associated with
kidney stone, a urinary tract infection, or back strain.
321
Edema to the legs or sacrum is often a result of
Right sided heart falure
322
Anaphylactic shock is a form of distributive shock where the blood vessels
Dilate
323
Bedsores, which are caused by pressure against the skin for long periods of time, are also called
decubitus ulcers
