The Forearm Flashcards
(130 cards)
1
Q
What forearm muscles are innervated by the anterior interosseous branch of the median nerve?
A
flexor digitorum profundus
flexor pollicis longus
pronator quadratus
2
Q
What forearm muscle is innervated by the ulnar nerve?
A
flexor carpi ulnaris
3
Q
What forearm muscles are innervated by the main branch of the median nerve?
A
pronator teres
flexor carpi radialis
palmaris longus
flexor digitorum superficialis
4
Q
What forearm muscles are innervated by the deep radial nerve?
A
extensor carpi radialis brevis
supinator
5
Q
What forearm muscles are innervated by the main branch of the radial nerve?
A
brachioradialis
extensor carpis radialis longus
6
Q
What forearm muscles are innervated by the posterior interosseous nerve (part of the radial nerve)?
A
extensor carpi ulnaris
extensor digitorum
extensor indicis
extensor digit minimi
extensor pollicis longus
extensor pollicis brevis
abductor pollicis longus
7
Q
What position of the forearm is anatomical position?
A
supinated
8
Q
What position of the forearm is natural?
A
semi-pronated
9
Q
Which nerves are in the anterior compartment of the forearm?
A
ulnar nerve
median nerve
10
Q
What nerve is in the posterior compartment of the forearm?
A
radial nerve
11
Q
What nerve innervates the bulk of the forearm muscles?
A
median nerve
12
Q
What nerve innervates the bulk of the hand muscles?
A
ulnar nerve
13
Q
What surrounds and invests the forearm and is continous with the brachial fascia?
A
antebrachial fascia
14
Q
What separates the anterior and posterior compartments of the forearm?
A
interosseous membrane
14
Q
What is the lateral antebrachial cutaneous nerve a branch of?
A
musculocutaneous nerve
15
Q
What is the posterior antebrachial cutaneous nerve a branch of?
A
radial nerve
16
Q
What are the three cutaneous nerves of the forearm?
A
- musculocutaneous n. (lateral antebrachail cutaneous)
- medial antebrachial cutaneous n.
- radial n. (posterior antebrachial cutaneous)
17
Q
Grace can you put the pictures of the cutaneous innervation of the forearm/hand?
A
I tried to write it out but I think the pictures would be easier
18
Q
What are the anastomoses between the brachial artery and the ulnar artery?
A
- superior ulnar collateral; posterior ulnar recurrent
- inferior ulnar collateral; anterior ulnar recurrent
19
Q
What are the anastomoses between the deep brachial artery and the radial and interosseous arteries?
A
- radial collateral artery; radial recurrent artery
- middle collateral artery; interosseous recurrent artery
20
Q
What are the arteries to the anterior forearm?
A
ulnar artery
radial artery
anterior interosseous artery
21
Q
What are the arteries to the posterior forearm?
A
radial artery
recurrent interosseous artery
posterior interosseous artery
dorsal carpal branch (ulnar a.)
22
Q
What are the four superficial muscles of the anterior forearm?
A
pronator teres
flexor carpi radialis
palmaris longus
flexor carpi ulnaris
23
Q
What is the intermediate muscle of the anterior forearm?
A
flexor digitorum superficialis
24
What are the deep muscles of the anterior forearm?
pronator quadratus
flexor pollicis longus
flexor digitorum profundus
25
What is the muscle of the anterior forearm that can be missing?
palmaris longus
26
What is the innervation of the palmaris longus?
median nerve
27
What is the action of the palmaris longus?
- flexes hand at wrist
- tenses palmar aponeurosis
28
What is the distal attachment of the palmaris longus?
flexor retinaculum (continous with palmar aponeurosis)
29
What is the proximal attachment of the palmaris longus?
medial epicondyle of humerus
30
What is the innervation of the pronator teres?
median nerve
31
What is the action of the pronator teres?
pronates and flexes forearm at elbow
32
What is the distal attachment of the pronator teres?
middle of lateral surface of radius
33
What is the proximal attachment of the pronator teres?
- coronoid process of ulna
- median epicondyle of humerus
34
What is the innervation of the flexor carpi radialis?
median nerve
35
What is the action of the flexor carpi radialis?
flexes and abducts hand at wrist
36
What is the distal attachment of the flexor carpi radialis?
base of 2nd metacarpal
37
What is the proximal attachment of the flexor carpi radialis?
medial epidondyle of humerus
38
What is the innervation of the flexor carpi ulnaris?
ulnar nerve
39
What is the action of the flexor carpi ulnaris?
flexes and adducts hand at wrist
40
What is the distal attachment of the flexor carpi ulnaris?
- pisiform
- hook of hamate
- 5th metacarpal
41
What is the proximal attachment of the flexor carpi ulnaris?
- medial epicondyle of humerus
- olecranon and posterior border of ulna
42
What is the innervation of the flexor digitorum superficialis?
median nerve
43
What is the action of the flexor digitorum superficialis?
- flexes middle phalanges at proximal interphalangeal joint
- flexes proximal phalanges at metacarpophalangeal joints
44
What is the distal attachment of the flexor digitorum superficialis?
shafts of middle phalanges of medial 4 digits
45
What is the proximal attachment of the flexor digitorum superficialis?
medial epicondyle of humerus
superior 1/2 of anterior border of radius
46
What is the innervation of the flexor digitorum profundus?
median and ulnar nerves
47
What is the action of the flexor digitorum profundus?
flexes distal phalanges at interphalangeal joints
48
What is the distal attachment of the flexor digitorum profundus?
bases of distal phalanges 2-5
49
What is the proximal attachment of the flexor digitorum profundus?
proximal 3/4 of medial and anterior surfaces of ulnar and interosseous membrane
50
What is the innervation of the flexor pollicis longus?
median nerve via anterior interosseous nerve
51
What is the action of the flexor pollicis longus?
flexes thumb
52
What is the distal attachment of the flexor pollicis longus?
base of distal phalanx of thumb
53
What is the proximal attachment of the flexor pollicis longus?
anterior surface of radius and interosseous membrane
54
What is the innervation of the pronator quadratus?
median nerve via anterior interosseous nerve
55
What is the action of the pronator quadratus?
pronates forearm
bind radius and ulna together
56
What is the distal attachment of the pronator quadratus?
distal 1/4 of anterior surface of radius
57
What is the proximal attachment of the pronator quadratus?
distal 1/4 of the anterior surface of ulna
58
What are the six superficial muscles of the posterior forearm?
brachioradialis
extensor carpi radialis longus
extensor carpi radialis brevis
extensor carpi ulnaris
extensor digiti minimi
extensor digitorum
59
What are the five deep muscles of the posterior forearm?
supinator
extensor indicis
extensor pollicis longus
abductor pollicis longus
extensor pollicis brevis
60
The superficial branch of radial nerve has ________________________ only
cutaneous
61
What is the innervation of the brachioradialis?
radial nerve
62
What is the action of the brachioradialis?
flexes forearm when it is pronated
63
What is the distal attachment of the brachioradialis?
distal radius (proximal to styloid process)
64
What is the proximal attachment of the brachioradialis?
proximal 2/3 of supraepicondylar ridge of humerus
65
What is the innervation of the extensor carpi radialis longus?
radial nerve
66
What is the action of the extensor carpi radialis longus?
extend and abduct hand at wrist
67
What is the distal attachment of the extensor carpi radialis longus?
dorsal aspect of base of 2nd metcarpal
68
What is the proximal attachment of the extensor carpi radialis longus?
lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus
69
What is the innervation of the extensor carpi radialis brevis?
deep branch of radial nerve
70
What is the action of the extensor carpi radialis brevis?
extend and abduct hand at wrist
71
What is the distal attachment of the extensor carpi radialis brevis?
dorsal aspect of base of 3rd metacarpal
72
What is the proximal attachment of the extensor carpi radialis brevis?
lateral epicondyle of humerus
73
What is the innervation of the extensor carpi ulnaris?
posterior interosseous nerve
74
What is the action of the extensor carpi ulnaris?
extend and adducts hand at wrist
75
What is the distal attachment of the extensor carpi ulnaris?
dorsal aspect of base of 5th metacarpal
76
What is the proximal attachment of the extensor carpi ulnaris?
lateral epicondyle of humerus and posterior border of ulna
77
What is the innervation of the extensor digitorum?
posterior interosseous nerve
78
What is the action of the extensor digitorum?
extends medial 4 fingers at metacarpophalangeal joints and somewhat at interphalangeal joints
79
What is the distal attachment of the extensor digitorum?
extensor expansions of medial 4 fingers
80
What is the proximal attachment of the extensor digitorum?
lateral epicondyle of humerus
81
What tendons form a dorsal expansion over the metacrapophalangeal (MP) and interphalangeal (IP) joints?
tendons of exensor digitorum
82
What is the innervation of the extensor digiti minimi?
posterior interosseous nerve
83
What is the actions of the extensor digiti minimi?
extends 5th finger at metacarpophalangeal joint
84
What is the digital attachment of the extensor digiti minimi?
extensor expansion of 5th finger
85
What is the proximal attachment of the extensor digiti minimi?
lateral epicondyle of humerus
86
What is the innervation of the supinator?
deep branch of radial nerve
87
What is the actions of the supinator?
supinates forearm
brings radius back to anatomical position
88
What is the distal attachment of the supinator?
proximal 1/3 of radius
89
What is the proximal attachment of the supinator?
- lateral epicondyle of humerus
- radial collateral and angular ligaments
- ulnar crest
90
What is the innervation of the extensor indicis?
posterior interosseous nerve
91
What is the action of the extensor indicis?
- independent extension of 2nd finger
- extend wrist
92
What is the distal attachment of the extensor indicis?
extensor expansion of 2nd finger
93
What is the proximal attachment of the extensor indicis?
posterior surface of distal 1/3 of ulna and interosseous membrane
94
What is the innervation of the abductor pollicis longus?
posterior interosseous nerve
95
What is the action of the abductor pollicis longus?
abducts thumb
extends thumb at carpometacarpal joint
96
What is the distal attachment of the abductor pollicis longus?
base of 1st metacarpal
97
What is the proximal attachment of the abductor pollicis longus?
posterior surface of proximal 1/2 of ulna and radius
98
What is the innervation of the extensor pollicis brevis?
posterior interosseous nerve
99
What is the action of the extensor pollicis brevis?
extends proximal phalanx of thumb
extends carpometacarpal joint
100
What is the distal attachment of the extensor pollicis brevis?
dorsal aspect fo proximal phalanx of thumb
101
What is the proximal attachment of the extensor pollicis brevis?
posterior surface of the distal 1/3 of radius and interosseous membrane
102
What is the innervation of the extensor pollicis longus?
posterior interosseous nerve
103
What are the actions of the extensor pollicis longus?
-extends distal phalanx of thumb
- extends metacarpophalgneal and carpometacarpal joints
104
What is the distal attachment of the extensor pollicis longus?
dorsal aspect of base of distal phalanx of thumb
105
What is the proximal attachment of the extensor pollicis longus?
posterior surface of middle 1/3 of ulna and interosseous membrane
106
What are the major nerves/arteries in the forearm from lateral to medial in pronation?
- superficial branch of radial nerve
- radial artery
- median nerve
- ulnar artery
ulnar nerve
107
What nerve supplies most of the intrisic muscles of hand?
ulnar nerve
108
What does the ulnar nerve pass through lateral to the pisiform bone?
Guyon's canal
109
110
Palmaris longus
111
pronator teres
112
113
flexor digitorum superficialis
114
Flexor digitorum profundus
115
flexor pollicis longus
116
pronator quadratus
117
118
Brachioradialis
119
Extensor carpi radialis longus
120
Extensor carpi radialis brevis
121
Extensor carpi ulnaris
122
extensor digitorum
123
extensor digiti minimi
124
supinator
125
extensor indicis
126
abductor pollicis longus
127
128
The anterior interosseous nerve and anterior interosseous artery run deep to what muscle?
pronator quadratus
129
What relationship does the median nerve have to the prontator teres, flexor digitorum, and flexor retinaculum?
prontator teres - through it
flexor digitorum - deep
flexor retinaculum - deep
