Vasculature of the Upper Limb

Question 1

What three major vessels come off of the aortic arch?

Answer 1

-brachiocephalic artery
-left common carotid artery
-left subclavian artery

Question 2

What does the brachiocephalic break into?

Answer 2

-right common carotid
-right subclavian

Question 3

What is the origin of the blood supply to the upper limb?

Answer 3

the subclavian arteries

Question 4

What is the location of the subclavian artery?

Answer 4

posterior to the anterior scalene muscles and posterior to the clavicle

Question 5

What does the subclavian artery turn into once it enters the axilla?

Answer 5

the axillary artery

Question 6

The branches of the subclavian arteries supply…

Answer 6

brain, neck, pectoral region, back and posterior shoulder

Question 7

The branches of the axillary artery supply…

Answer 7

posterior should region, axilla, and lateral thorax

Question 8

The branches of the brachial artery supply…

Answer 8

arm and cubital region (elbow)

Question 9

What does the brachial artery split into?

Answer 9

the radial and ulnar arteries

Question 10

The branches of the radial artery supply…

Answer 10

cubital region, posteror forearm, and hand

Question 11

The branches of the ulnar artery supply…

Answer 11

cubital region, anterior forearm, and hand

Question 12

Where is the first part of the subclavian artery?

Answer 12

medial to the anterior scalene muscles

Question 13

What are the three major branches of the first part of the subclavian artery?

Answer 13

-vertebral artery
-internal thoracic (mammary) artery
-thyrocervical arterial trunk

Question 14

What does the thyrocervical arterial trunk branch into?

Answer 14

-transverse cervical
-suprascaular
-ascending cervical
-inferior thyroid

Question 15

What is unique about the transverse cervical artery branch of the subclavian artery?

Answer 15

the superficial and deep branches may form an arterial trunk
-referred to as the cervicodorsal trunk

Question 16

Where is the second part of the subclavian artery?

Answer 16

posterior to the anterior scalen muscle

Question 17

What are the branches of the second branch of the second part of the subclavian artery?

Answer 17

costocervical trunk

Question 18

What are the branches of the costcocervical trunk?

Answer 18

-supreme intercostal
-deep cervical

Question 19

Where is the third part of the subclavian artery?

Answer 19

lateral to the anterior scalene muscle

Question 20

What are the branches of the third part of the subclavian artery?

Answer 20

usually no arterial branches but sometimes a dorsal scapular artery

Question 21

Where does the subclavian artery turn into the axillary artery?

Answer 21

at the lateral border of the first rib

Question 22

Characteristics of the axillary artery:

Answer 22

-continuation of the subclavian artery
-posterior of the clavicle
-supply the axilla, pectoral, and shoulder regions
-has 3 divisions relative to the pectoralis minor muscle

Question 23

Where is the first part of the axillary artery?

Answer 23

-proximal and medial to the pectoralis minor

Question 24

What is the branch of the first part of the axillary artery?

Answer 24

superior thoracic artery

Question 25

Where does the superior thoracic artery?

Answer 25

passes between pectoralis major and pectoralis minor to supply the first and second intercostal spaces and the superior part of the serratus anterior

Question 26

Where is the second part of the axillary artery?

Answer 26

posterior to the pectroalis minor muscle

Question 27

What are the branches of the second part of the axillary artery?

Answer 27

-thoracoacromial trunk -lateral thoracic artery

Question 28

What are the branches are of the thoracoacromial trunk?

Answer 28

-pectoral -deltoid -acromial -clavicular

Question 29

Where is the lateral thoracic artery?

Answer 29

descends along lateral border of pectoralis minor muscle to lateral thoracic wall -supply pectoral, serratus anterior, intercostal muscles, and lateral aspect of breast

Question 30

Where is the third part of the axillary artery?

Answer 30

distal and lateral to the pectoralis minor muscle

Question 31

What are the branches of the subscapular artery?

Answer 31

-circumflex scapular -thoracodorsal

Question 32

Why is the circumflex scapular artery important?

Answer 32

primary in scapular anastomoses

Question 33

What does the thoracodorsal artery supply?

Answer 33

latissimus dorsi

Question 34

What forms collateral circulation of the scapula?

Answer 34

branches of subclavian and axillary arteries

Question 35

What are the arterial branches that form anastomoses?

Answer 35

-suprascaular (subclavian) -dorsal scapular (deep branch of transverse cervical) -posterior intercostal (t. aorta) -circumflex scapular (subscapular) -thoracodorsal (subscapular)

Question 36

What is the brachial artery?

Answer 36

continuation of the axillary artery

Question 37

Where does the brachial artery start?

Answer 37

at the inferior border of the teres major muscle

Question 38

What does the brachial artery turn into?

Answer 38

ulnar and radial arteries

Question 39

What are the branches of the brachial artery?

Answer 39

-profunda brachii -superior ulnar collateral -interior ulnar collateral

Question 40

What are the branches of the ulnar artery?

Answer 40

-anterior ulnar recurrent -posterior ulnar recurrent -common interosseous

Question 41

What are the branches of the common interosseous artery?

Answer 41

-anterior interosseous -posteror interosseous -recurrent interosseous

Question 42

What are the branches of the radial artery?

Answer 42

there is only one -radial recurrent

Question 43

Where do the brachial and ulnar arteries anastomose?

Answer 43

superior ulnar collateral - posterior ulnar recurrent inferior ulnar collateral - anterior ulnar recurrent

Question 44

Where do the deep brachial artery and the radial and interosseous arteries anastomse?

Answer 44

radial collateral - radial recurrent middle collateral - interosseous recurrent

Question 45

What arteries supply the anterior forearm?

Answer 45

-ulnar artery -radial artery -anterior interosseous artery

Question 46

What arteries supply the posterior forearm?

Answer 46

-radial artery -recurrent interosseous artery -posterior interosseous artery -dorsal carpal branch (of the ulnar artery)

Question 47

What arteries supply the anterior/palmar surface of the hand?

Answer 47

-superficial palmar arch (ulnar artery) *common palmar digital artery *proper palmar digital artery -deep palmar arch (radial artery)

Question 48

What arteries supply the posterior/dorsal hand?

Answer 48

mostly the radial artery -princeps pollicis (medial thumb) -dorsal carpal arch -distal digital arteries

Question 49

What are the two main superficial veins of the upper limb?

Answer 49

cephalic and basalic veins

Question 50

Where do the cephalic and basilic veins meet?

Answer 50

in the cubital fossa by the median cubital vein

Question 51

What vein enters the deltopectoral triangle and drains into the axillary vein?

Answer 51

cephalic vein

Question 52

What vein enters the basilic hiatus and joins the branchial veins to forms the axillary veins?

Answer 52

basilic vein

Question 53

Where do veins form the hand and wrist drain into?

Answer 53

the radial and ulnar veins in the forearm

Question 54

Where do the radial and ulnar veins drain into?

Answer 54

the brachial veins in the arm

Question 55

Where does the axillary vein form?

Answer 55

where the brachial vein joins with basilic vein

Question 56

What does the axillary vein pick up?

Answer 56

the cephalic vein

Question 57

Where do the axillary and cephalic veins drain into?

Answer 57

the subclavian vein