the frontal lobe Flashcards
(9 cards)
What are two common analogies for the appearance of the brain?
A cauliflower and a walnut.
In what way is the brain more symmetrical than a walnut?
The two hemispheres of the brain are more similar in shape and structure than the two halves of a walnut.
What is the cerebral cortex composed of?
Two separate, wrinkled sheets, one on each hemisphere of the brain.
How is the cerebral cortex typically divided?
Into lobes, on each side of the brain.
How were most motor cortical regions initially identified?
From observing the effects of damage or pathology in patients.
How was the motor function of the primary motor cortex (M1) discovered?
Through direct electrical stimulation during brain surgery.
What happens when the primary motor cortex is damaged?
Problems with coordinating and controlling voluntary muscle movements.
What are the effects of damage to rostral (frontal) motor areas?
Issues with planning, selecting, and initiating movements, rather than direct muscle control.
What does damage to Broca’s area cause?
Difficulty producing comprehensible speech, though speech sounds can still be made.
