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The gilded age and Progressive Era Flashcards

(26 cards)

1
Q

Monopoly

A

Exclusive control of a commodity or service in a market to eliminate compitition.

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2
Q

Social darwinism

A

Theory of natural selection applied to society

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3
Q

Robber baron

A

Negative term for ruthless business magnates

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4
Q

Interstate commerce act

A

Regulated railroad rates and practices

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5
Q

Nativism

A

Policy of protecting the interests of native-born inhabitants (superiority compared to immigrants)

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6
Q

Nights of labor

A

Labor union advocating for workers’ rights

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7
Q

Jhon D rockefeller

A

Established the Standard Oil Company, the greatest, wisest, and meanest monopoly known in history

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8
Q

JP Morgan

A

Banker who buys out Carnegie Steel and renames it to U.S. Steel. Was a philanthropist in a way; he gave all the money needed for WWI and was payed back. Was one of the “Robber barons”

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9
Q

Henry Ford

A

United States manufacturer of automobiles who pioneered mass production (1863-1947).

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10
Q

Theodore Roosevelt

A

26th president, known for: conservationism, trust-busting, Hepburn Act, safe food regulations, “Square Deal,” Panama Canal, Great White Fleet, Nobel Peace Prize for negotiation of peace in Russo-Japanese War

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11
Q

philanthropist

A

a person who seeks to promote the welfare of others, especially by the generous donation of money to good causes.

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12
Q

Sherman antitrust act

A

First federal action against monopolies, it was signed into law by Harrison and was extensively used by Theodore Roosevelt for trust-busting. However, it was initially misused against labor unions

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13
Q

Granger movement

A

the agrarian movement organized in the 1870s as a protest against railroad power over the farmers

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14
Q

Vanderbilt

A

Industry leader with ruthless business practices but he also believed in philanthropy.

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15
Q

Iba Tarbell

A

A leading muckraker and magazine editor, she exposed the corruption of the oil industry with her 1904 work A History of Standard Oil.

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16
Q

Upton sinclair

A

wrote “the jungle” which talked about the issues of meatpacking

17
Q

Jacob riis

A

Early 1900’s muckraker who exposed social and political evils in the U.S. with his novel “How The Other Half Lives”; exposed the poor conditions of the poor tenements in NYC and Hell’s Kitchen

18
Q

Jane addams

A

the founder of Hull House, which provided English lessons for immigrants, daycares, and child care classes

19
Q

Alice paul

A

Head of the National Woman’s party that campaigned for an equal rights amendment to the Constitution. She opposed legislation protecting women workers because such laws implied women’s inferiority. Most condemned her way of thinking.

20
Q

booker T washington

A

Prominent black American, born into slavery, who believed that racism would end once blacks acquired useful labor skills and proved their economic value to society, was head of the Tuskegee Institute in 1881. His book “Up from Slavery.”

21
Q

W.E.B du bois

A

He believed that African Americans should strive for full rights immediately; founded the NAACP

22
Q

Ida B. Wells

A

African American journalist. published statistics about lynching, urged African Americans to protest by refusing to ride streetcars or shop in white owned stores

23
Q

18th amendment

A

Prohibited the manufacture, sale, and distribution of alcoholic beverages linked to the temperance movement and prohibition

24
Q

19th amendment

A

Gave woman the right to vote

25
NAACP
Interracial organization founded in 1909 to abolish segregation and discrimination and to achieve political and civil rights for African Americans.NAACP
26
17th amendment
Established the direct election of senators (instead of being chosen by state legislatures)