The global marketplace and production Flashcards
(20 cards)
What is globalisation in the context of design and manufacture?
The process by which businesses and products operate on an international scale, connecting markets, production, and consumers worldwide.
How can globalisation affect labour costs?
Labour costs vary between countries, with some nations offering cheaper wages, reducing overall production costs.
Give a potential advantage of lower labour costs through globalisation.
Products can be made more cheaply, increasing company profits or reducing prices for consumers.
What is a disadvantage of using countries with low labour costs?
It may involve poor working conditions, exploitation, or unethical labour practices.
How does the availability of raw materials impact global production?
Certain countries have easier or cheaper access to specific materials, influencing where products are designed and manufactured.
Give an example of a raw material that affects where products are made.
Lithium for batteries is mainly sourced from countries like Chile and Australia.
What moral issues can arise from outsourcing production overseas?
Poor working conditions, child labour, unfair pay, and unsafe factories.
Why should designers and manufacturers consider moral issues in outsourcing?
To ensure fair treatment of workers, maintain company reputation, and meet ethical standards.
How do transportation costs affect global production?
Moving goods over long distances increases costs and affects product pricing and availability.
What environmental costs are linked to global manufacture and transportation?
Increased carbon emissions from transporting raw materials and finished goods around the world.
Give one way globalisation can negatively affect the environment.
Increased air and sea freight leads to pollution and contributes to climate change.
How can designers reduce the environmental impact of global manufacturing?
By using local materials, reducing packaging, and designing products for easier recycling.
What is one advantage of globalisation for consumers?
Wider product choices and access to international goods at competitive prices.
How can globalisation benefit businesses?
It opens up new markets, reduces costs, and increases profits through mass production.
Name one disadvantage of globalisation for local industries.
Small, local businesses may struggle to compete with cheaper imported products.
Why might a company choose to manufacture in a country with higher labour costs?
For higher-quality craftsmanship, ethical labour practices, or to support local economies.
What is one reason a designer might source raw materials globally?
To access specific materials not available locally or to reduce material costs.
How can transportation costs influence product pricing?
Higher transportation costs increase the final retail price of a product.
What is one ethical consideration when outsourcing production overseas?
Ensuring workers have fair pay, safe conditions, and legal working hours.
Why is it important for manufacturers to consider environmental costs?
To minimise their carbon footprint, reduce waste, and meet environmental regulations.
