The Heart

Question 1

What chamber is the pulmonary trunk directly connected to?

Answer 1

Right ventricle

Question 2

What chamber is aorta directly connected to?

Answer 2

Left ventricle

Question 3

What chamber is the superior and Inferior Vena Cavae directly connected to?

Answer 3

Right atrium

Question 4

What chamber is pulmonary artery directly connected to?

Answer 4

Right ventricle

Question 5

What chamber are the pulmonary veins directly connected to?

Answer 5

Left atrium

Question 6

What do the AV valves between atria and ventricles prevent?

Answer 6

Backflow from the ventricles into the atria

Question 7

When the left ventricle contracts, blood moves into the ______________, not the right atrium

Answer 7

Aorta

Question 8

Semilunar (“half-moon”) valves are found
between the __________ and the _____________.

Answer 8

Ventricles and great arteries

Question 9

What is the purpose of the semilunar valvles?

Answer 9

To prevent backflow into the ventricle. When the ventricle relaxes during diastole, blood isn’t “sucked back” into that ventricle

Question 10

What are the atrioventricular valves anchored by?

Answer 10

Chordae tendinae

Question 11

What does the chordae tendinae prevent the AV valves from doing?

Answer 11

Keeps them from “flopping back” (prolapse) into the atria during ventricular contraction.

Question 12

The AV valves are:
a.) floppy and large
b.) small and tight

Answer 12

a

Question 13

What is the technical terms for the “flopping back” of the AV valve?

Answer 13

Prolapse

Question 14

Do semilunar valves require chordae tendinae to anchor them?

Answer 14

No

Question 15

The semilunar valves are:
a.) floppy and large
b.) small and tight

Answer 15

b

Question 16

Are the right atrium and right ventricle located anteriorly or posteriorly to the left atrium and left ventricle?

Answer 16

anteriorly

Question 17

What does PMI stand for?

Answer 17

Point of maximum impulse

Question 18

What is the easiest place to palpate the cardiac impulse (PMI) in most people?

Answer 18

Tip of the left ventricle

Question 19

What is another name for the mitral valve?

Answer 19

Bicuspid

Question 20

What does the 2nd intercostal space, left sternal border correspond to?

Answer 20

the pulmonic valve

Question 21

What does the 2nd intercostal space, right sternal border correspond to?

Answer 21

the aortic valve

Question 22

The 4th/5th intercostal space, right sternal border is the best place to hear what?

Answer 22

Sounds from the right ventricle and right AV valve

Question 23

5th intercostal space, mid-clavicular line
is the best place to hear what? And do what?

Answer 23

Hear left AV valve and left ventricular sounds
Palpate the PMI

Question 24

What is the first sound you will here when auscultating the heart? What represents this sound?

Answer 24

The AV valve closing/lub

Question 25

What is the second sound you will here when auscultating the heart? What represents this sound?

Answer 25

The semilunar valves closing/dub

Question 26

Is s1 or s2 a higher frequency? Why?

Answer 26

s2, because the semilunar valves are tighter

Question 27

What is it known as when blood flow is smooth and orderly?

Answer 27

Laminar flow

Question 28

What is it known as when blood flow is rapid, forming disorderly eddies and vibrations

Answer 28

Turbulent flow

Question 29

What is it called when the valve doesn't open widely enough?

Answer 29

Stenosis

Question 30

What would happen if the aortic valve doesn't open properly?

Answer 30

Restricted blood flow from the left ventricle into the aorta during systole.

Question 31

What happens if the valve doesn't close properly?

Answer 31

Regurgitation

Question 32

If the valve doesn’t close, when does the backflow occur?

Answer 32

Diastole

Question 33

In _________________ some of the blood pumped out of the left ventricle during systole leaks backward into the left atrium during diastole.

Answer 33

Mitral regurgitation

Question 34

Is it common to hear a valve opening?

Answer 34

No