The Heart Flashcards
What do veins and arteries do?
Veins-Transport deoxygenated(mostly deoxygenated) from the muscles to the heart
Arteries-Transport oxygenated blood(mostly oxygenated) from the heart to the muscles
Describe two things about arteries
Elastic and muscular walls to withstand blood pressure
Small lumen
Describe three things about capillaries
Very narrow so only one blood cell can pass through at a time
Thin walls for diffusion
Network of tiny vessels linking arteries and veins
State three things about veins
Thin walls
Large lumen
Have valves to prevent back flow of blood
What are the different parts of the heart?
Aorta-O blood leaves here Left and right atrium Left and right ventricle Vena Cava-DO blood enters here Pulmonary Vein-O blood enters here Pulmonary Artery-DO blood leaves Left and right atrioventricular valves Semi lunar valves Septum
What is the cardiac cycle?
Cycle of events that occur when the heart beats
What is diastole and systole?
Systole: Heart Contracts
Diastole: Heart Relaxation
What happens during diastole?
DO blood enters the RA via the veins cava.It flows into RV as the RAV is open.
O blood enters the LA via the pulmonary vein. It flies into the LV as the LAV is open.
What happens during systole?
RA contracts which empties the blood into RV. RAV closes and RV contracts so blood flows out.
LA contracts which empties the blood into LV. LAV closes and LV contracts so blood flows out.
What is cardiac output, stroke volume and heart rate?
Cardiac Output: The volume of blood pumped out of the heart per minute
Stroke volume: The amount of blood pumped out per beat
Heart Rate: Number of beats per minute
What is the cardiac output equation?
Stroke volume multiplied by the heart rate
Describe the three different heart responses to exercise.
Anticipatory Rise: Increase in heart rate before exercise due to adrenaline release
Steep Increase: HR dramatically increases as oxygen demand is high
Plateau: Steadied HR so there is no increase or decrease
