The Infection Model Flashcards
1
Q
draw the infection model
A
2
Q
The infection model: pathogen
A
4 major groups
- virus
- bacterium
- fungus
- yeast
- mould
- parasite
- protozoa
- helminth
3
Q
name 7 mechanisms of infection
A
- Contiguous (direct) spread
- Inoculation- into the skin
- Haematogenous- carried by the blood
- Ingestion
- Inhalation
- Vector
- Vertical transmission (mother to child)
4
Q
patient related factors
A
the person
the time
the place
5
Q
person related factors
A
6
Q
patient gender
A
Different anatomy
- Women- e.g. UTIs e.g. pregnancy
- In men UTI would be abnormal (Structure and function)
7
Q
patient physiological state
A
- e.g. diabetics can fuel infections so let the infection progress- amputation
8
Q
patient social factors
A
e.g. smoking, drug injecting, tattoos e.g. Hep b
9
Q
patient and time
A
calender time
relative time
10
Q
calender time
A
colds and flu
11
Q
relative time
A
incubation period
12
Q
patient and place
A
- Where have you been and when were you there (have you ever been abroad)
- Some pathogens only found in some parts of the world
13
Q
A
14
Q
outline infection
A
- Pathogen atatches to specific receptor found on the outside of human cells
- toxin production and interaction with host defences –> inflammation
- host damage
15
Q
example of host defence which causes inflammation
A
respiratory burst
16
Q
management of infection is based around
A
history (diagnosis)
examination (diagnosis)
investigation (diagnosis)
treatment (specific and supportive)
infection prevention (hospital and community)
22
Q
outcome of infection
A
cure —-> death
- +/- chronic infection
- +/- disability
