The Larynx Flashcards Preview

ENT Anatomy > The Larynx > Flashcards

Flashcards in The Larynx Deck (13)
Loading flashcards...
1
Q

what are the 2 different types of muscles at the larynx

A

the thyroarytenoid muscles and the cricothyroid muscles

2
Q

what are the functions of the thyroarytenoid muscles

A

relaxes vocal ligament and decreases pitch(deeper voice)

3
Q

what are the attachments of the thyroarytenoid muscles

A

posterior thyroid to the anterior arytenoid cartilage

4
Q

what are the attachments of the cricothyroid muscles

A

anterolateral cricoid cartilage to the inferior horn of thyroid cartilage

5
Q

what is the innervation of the mucosa above and below the vocal folds

A

mucosa above = internal laryngeal nerve

mucosa below = inferior laryngeal nerve

6
Q

what are all the intrinsic muscles of the larynx innervated by, except one

A

Inferior laryngeal nerve

except cricothyroid

7
Q

what is the inferior laryngeal nerve a branch of, and what CN is involved

A

branch of recurrent laryngeal nerve, which is a branch of CN X(vagus nerve)

8
Q

how is the CN X(vagus nerve) innervation tested in the larynx

A

listen to patient speak, is voice hoarse? are intrinsic mucsles able to open and close vocal cords properly

9
Q

Larynx isn’t sufficient to produce loud sounds by itself, what else is involved

A

laryngeal ‘buzz’ is amplified by the pharynx, oral and nasal cavities

10
Q

what is the stimuli for cough reflex

A

sensory stimuli in the supraglottis

11
Q

describe the cough reflex action

A

glottic closure, internal and innermost intercostals contract, inspiratory muscles contract increasing body cavity pressure, then glottic release of high pressure air

12
Q

where do glottic tumours present

A

on the vocal cords

13
Q

where do sub-glottic tumours present

A

spread to paratracheal nodes