The Male Pelvis

Question 1

scrotum contains

Answer 1

sac-like structure containing testes, epididymis, part of ductus (vas) deferens

Question 2

what externally divides scrotum

Answer 2

median ridge (raphe, septum) separates into lateral compartments

Question 3

dartos muscle (what, forms)

Answer 3

thin muscular layer which lies below the skin of the scrotum
merges centrally to form the internal scrotal septum (2 sacs each containing a testis)

Question 4

cremaster muscle (location, arises, function)

Answer 4

surrounds each testes
arises from internal oblique muscles of abdomen
lifts/lowers testes from body

Question 5

testes function

Answer 5

produce sperm/male sex hormones

Question 6

when do the testes descend into the scrotum

Answer 6

after the 7th month of pregnancy

Question 7

approximate size of testes

Answer 7

length: 5cm
width: 3cm
height: 3cm

Question 8

tunica albuginea

Answer 8

dense outer capsule adhering to both testes
extension project inward (septa)\divides testes into lobules
septa converge posteriorly at the mediastinum

Question 9

tunica vaginalis

Answer 9

thin outer layer
serous sac derived from the peritoneum
visceral covers testes, parietal lines the scrotum

Question 10

how many lobules in each testis and what do they contain

Answer 10

200-400 lobules
contain seminiferous tubules

Question 11

seminiferous tubules (how many per lobe, function, location)

Answer 11

1-3 convoluted tubules per lobe
zone of sperm production
converge towards the mediastinum and empty into the straight tubule towards the rete testis

Question 12

straight tubule

Answer 12

connects the seminiferous tubules to the rete testis

Question 13

mediastinum testes (what, continous with, function, encloses)

Answer 13

wedge of connective tissue on post aspect of testes
continuous with tunica albuginea/interlobar septa
structural support for entering and exiting testicular vessels and ducts
encloses the rete testis

Question 14

rete tesis

Answer 14

network of ducts in post aspect of testis
ducts located within mediastinum testis (inlet: straight tubules, outlet: efferent duct)

Question 15

efferent duct

Answer 15

ducts exiting the rete testis and connecting to the ductus epidiymis

Question 16

pathway of sperm production through the testis

Answer 16

lobules
seminiferous tubules
straight tubules
rete testis
efferent ductules
epidymis
vas deferens and onward

Question 17

epididymis

Answer 17

single tightly coiled duct (6m long/1mm diameter)
located on posterolateral surface of testis
storage and maturation of sperm
continuous with ductus deferens

Question 18

3 parts of epididymis

Answer 18

head
body
tail

Question 19

head of epididymis

Answer 19

AKA globus major
largest portion
superior to testis
formed by the efferent ducts

Question 20

body of epididymis

Answer 20

located along the posterolateral aspect of the testis
ductus epididymis along the length of body to tail

Question 21

tail of epididymis (AKA, location, function)

Answer 21

ALA globus minor
empties into the ductus deferens within the spermatic cord at inferior border of testis

Question 22

ductus deferens AKA

Answer 22

vas deferens

Question 23

what is the ductus deferens and how it travels

Answer 23

tube from the tail of the epididymis to the ejaculatory duct ascends in spermatic cord through the inguinal canal, enters the pelvis, joins ejaculatory duct near base of bladder

Question 24

spermatic cord

Answer 24

tough covering extending from each testis to the pelvis
provides protection
encases: vas deferens, arteries/veins, lymph/nerves

Question 25

seminal vesicles (what, function)

Answer 25

paired accessory glands secretions provide energy for sperm

Question 26

SV ducts join vas deferens to form the _____

Answer 26

ejaculatory duct

Question 27

location of seminal vesicles: ______ aspect of bladder ______ to vas deferens ______ to prostate gland ______ to rectum

Answer 27

posterior inferior lateral superior anterior

Question 28

ejaculatory duct (extensions of, function, travel)

Answer 28

extensions of seminal vesicles direct SV secretions to the prostatic urethra ducts travel obliquely in post aspect of the prostate

Question 29

prostate (made of, shape, size)

Answer 29

fibromuscular and glandular tissue conical shape 3.5x4.0x2.5 cm

Question 30

_______ travels centrally through prostate

Answer 30

proximal urethra

Question 31

ejaculatory ducts descend _____ through the prostate gland to open into the ______

Answer 31

inferiorly prostatic urethra

Question 32

glandular portion of prostate divided into __ zones

Answer 32

3

Question 33

zones of the prostate

Answer 33

peripheral central transitional

Question 34

peripheral zone of the prostate (size, location, bound by, site of)

Answer 34

largest post/lateral to distal prostatic urethra bound by a surgical capsule common site of prostate cancers

Question 35

central zone of prostate (extends, surrounds, between)

Answer 35

extends from base to verumontanum surrounds ejaculatory ducts between peripheral and transitional zones

Question 36

transitional zone of prostate gland (size, location)

Answer 36

usually smallest zone (bigger if benign enlargement) located on the lateral aspects of proximal urethra

Question 37

orientation of prostate gland (base/apex)

Answer 37

base: sup portion, adjacent to neck of bladder apex: inferior, in contact with peliv diaphragm

Question 38

prostate location: ____ to bladder ____ to pelvic diaphragm ____ to rectum ____ to symphysis pubis

Answer 38

midline and inferior superior anterior posterior

Question 39

3 parts of penis

Answer 39

corpora cavernosa (2): dorsilateral, becomes enlarged when filled with blood corpus spongiosum (1): mid-ventral, encircles spongy urethra

Question 40

testicular arteries arise from aorta below ______

Answer 40

renal arteries

Question 41

testicular veins drain into ____

Answer 41

right into IVC left into LRV

Question 42

pudendal arteries supply blood to _____ and ______ and are branches of the _____

Answer 42

penis urethra internal iliac arteries

Question 43

pudendal venous plexus is the _____ of the penis

Answer 43

main venous drainage

Question 44

potential spaces in male pelvis

Answer 44

posterior cul-de-sac space of Retzius

Question 45

posterior cul-de-sac (male pelvis) (AKA, between)

Answer 45

AKA retrovesicular pouch/pouch of Douglas between bladder and rectum

Question 46

space of Retzius (male pelvis) (between)

Answer 46

between symphysis and bladder